ISIS Menuju Asia Tenggara: Ancaman dan Kerja Sama Keamanan Kawasan dalam Menghadapi Peningkatan Ekspansi ISIS

Khoirul Amin

Abstract


The Marawi war in early 2017 became the most explicit evidence of ISIS terrorist group existence in Southeast Asia. The region is predicted to be their new territory for expansion under the leadership of Abu Bakar Al-Baghdadi, even more after their lost at many territories in the Middle East. The Southeast Asia countries immediately generate preventive actions by strengthening the territorial security cooperation. This paper examines how Southeast Asia has great possibility to be the new destination for ISIS to invade and how the countries in Southeast Asia deal the threat. It is assumed that ISIS as part of global terrorism is trying to widen their expansion to Southeast Asia and how the countries in Southeast Asia rise up cooperation among them to prevent and resist from the ISIS expansion. 

 

Pertempuran di Marawi pada awal tahun 2017 menjadi bukti paling jelas hadirnya ancaman kelompok teroris ISIS di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Asia Tenggara diprediksi menjadi tujuan baru bagi agenda perluasan wilayah kekhalifahan Negara Islam di bawah Abu Bakar Al-Baghdadi setelah mengalami banyak kekalahan dan kehilangan wilayah kekuasaan di Timur Tengah. Negara-negara di Asia Tenggara segera mengambil langkah atraktif dengan meningkatkan kerja sama keamanan kawasan sebagai upaya sekuritisasi. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana kawasan Asia Tenggara berpotensi besar menjadi tujuan baru bagi ISIS untuk kembali membangun kekuatan dan bagaimana upaya negara-negara di Asia Tenggara menghadapi ancaman tersebut. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa ISIS sebagai bagian dari terorisme global sedang berusaha memperluas pengaruhnya ke Asia Tenggara dan peningkatan kerja sama keamanan kawasan yang dilakukan negara-negara di Asia Tenggara, dapat dipahami sebagai bentuk upaya menghadapi ekspansi ISIS di kawasan.


Keywords


ancaman ISIS; kerja sama keamanan; kawasan Asia Tenggara; ISIS threat; security cooperation; Southeast Asia Region

Full Text:

PDF

References


‘Iraq: PM Abadi declares victory over ISIL in Fallujah,’ Al Jazeera. (daring), 2016. (http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/06/iraq-pm-abadi-declares-victory-isil-fallujah-160617174259486.html, diakses pada 27 November 2016).

‘ISIS makin terdesak, Irak siap rebut Mosul dan Suriah kepung Palmyra.’ 2016. Kompas. (daring), (http://internasional.kompas.com/read/2016/03/24/18410941/ISIS.Makin.Terdesak.Irak.Siap.Rebut.Mosul.dan.Suriah.Kepung.Palmyra, diakses pada 29 November 2016).

‘Islamic State Leader Abu Muhammad al-Adani Killed In Airstrike, Pentagon Confirms.’ 2016. Huffington Post. (daring), (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/Islamic-state-al-adnani-killed_us_57d73c08e4b0fbd4b7bb3724, diakses pada 30 November 2016).

Alkhshali, H., Lister, T. & Dewan, A. 2016. ‘Libyan forces taking back ISIS stronghold,’ CNN. (daring), (http://edition.cnn.com/2016/06/11/world/isis-libya-sirte-offensive/index.html, diakses pada 27 November 2016).

Australia-Asean Kerja Sama Hentikan Aliran Dana Teroris. 2017. Sekretariat Nasional ASEAN. (daring). (http://setnas-asean.id/news-events/read/australia-asean-kerja-sama-hentikan-aliran-dana-teroris, diakses pada 28 Desember 2017).

Bacungan, VJ & Jiao, Claire. 2017. ASEAN defense ministers call for stronger cooperations vs. terrorism. CNN Philippines. (daring). (http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/10/24/asean-defense-ministers-meeting-cooperation-terrorism.html, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Buzan, B., Weaver, O. & Wilde, J. dee. 1998. Security: A New Frameworks for Analysis. Boulder. Lynne Rienner Publisher.

Chalk, P. 2015. Black flag rising: ISIL in Southeast Asia and Australia. Australia. Australian Strategy Policy Institute.

Davison, J. & Said, R. 2017. Islamic Stated defeated in its Syrian capital Raqqa. Reuters. (daring), (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-Suriah-raqqa/Islamic-state-defeated-in-its-Suriahn-capital-raqqa-idUSKBN1CM0VC diakses pada 25 Desember 2017).

Edwards, S. 2016. ‘Is ISIS’ presence in South-East Asia overstead?,’ CNN. (daring), (http://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/15/asia/indonesia-isis-south-east-asia/index.html, diakses pada 26 November 2016).

Fealy, G. 2017. The battle for Marawi and ISIS in Southeast Asia. Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Lihat dalam https://www.aspistrategist.org.au

Fonbuena, C. 2017. A Region In Panic: ASEAN double down against ISIS threat. Rappler. (daring). (https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/188717-asean-terrorism-scare-isis-prevention, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Hashim, A. S. 2015. The Impact of the Islamic State in Asia. Singapore. RSIS Policy Report.

Hubbard, B. & Schmitt, E. 2017. ISIS, Despite Heavy Losses, Still Inspire Global Attacks. The New York Times. (daring), (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/08/world/middleeast/isis-Suriah-iraq.html, diakses pada 25 Desember 2017).

Khan, Muqtedar. 2011. Terrorism and Globalization. Lihat dalam http://www.glocaleye.org/terglo.htm

Liow, J. C. 2016. ‘Escalating ISIS threat in Southeast Asia: Is the Philippines a weak line?,’ CNN. (daring), (http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/07/opinions/isis-southeast-asia-liow/, diakses pada 26 November 2016).

Luhulima, C.P.F. 2011. Dinamika Asia Tenggara Menuju 2015. Yogyakarta. Pustaka Pelajar.

Mackay, M. 2015. ‘U.S.: ISIS loses quarter of territory in Iraq-3 things you need to know,’ CNN. (daring), (http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/15/middleeast/isis-loses-territory-iraq/index.html, diakses pada 27 November 2016).

McKirdy, Euan., Quiano, Kathy & Watson, Ivan. 2017. CNN. (daring). (https://edition.cnn.com/2017/06/19/asia/indonesia-malaysia-philippines-isis/index.html, diakses pada 28 Mei 2018).

Makinda, S. 2016. Terrorism in International Society: An Eclectic Perspective, Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs. Vol. 3 (1) 90-101. Lihat dalam http://aia.sagepub.com DOI: 10.1177/2347797015626053

Maresca, Thomas. 2016. ISIS expand foothold in Southeast Asia with Philipine siege. USA Today. (daring). (https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2017/06/10/philippines-islamic-state-isis-southeast-asia/102704672/, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Maulana, V. 2015. ‘Ancaman ISIS di Asia Tenggara semakin besar,’ SINDOnews.com. (daring), (http://international.sindonews.com/read/1068399/40/ancaman-isis-di-asia-tenggara-semakin-besar-1449739785>, diakses pada 3 Desember 2016).

Mortimer, C. 2016. ‘Isis loses a third of its territory in Suriah and Iraq, analysts say,’ Independent. (daring), (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-territory-losing-Suriah-iraq-terror-jihadists-iraqi-forces-air-strikes-mosul-a7352401.html, diakses pada 29 November 2016).

Osborne, S. 2016. ‘ISIS ASIAN EXPANSION: Southeast Asia to become next jihadi base as terrorist expand EAST,’ Express. (daring), (http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/700489/ISIS-terror-southeast-asia-britons-holiday-thailand-jihadis-tourists, diakses pada 3 Desember 2016).

Pandey, A. 2015. “ISIS Planning Attack In Southeast Asia Through Local Wing ‘Katibah Nusantara’: Report,” IBT. (daring), http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-planning-attacks-southeast-asia-through-local-wing-katibah-nusantara-report-1943392, diakses pada 26 November 2016).

Pertemuan sub-regional 6 negara capai kesepakatan, rencana tindak lanjut, hadapi pergerakan ISIS. 2017. VOA Indonesia. (daring), (https://www.voaindonesia.com, Diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Rogin, J. 2016. ‘Islamic State Is Rapidly Expanding in Southeast Asia,’ Bloomberg View. (daring), (http://origin-www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-05-29/Islamic-state-makes-a-move-on-southeast-asia, diakses pada 3 Desember 2016).

Santos, Ana P. & Welle, D. 2017. Is Phillipines’ Marawi free from ISIS influence? USA Today. (daring). (https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2017/10/26/philippines-marawi-free-isis-influence/804279001/, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Santoso, Audrey. 2017. Hadapi Ancaman ISIS, RI Tawarkan ‘Our Eyes’ ke Menhan di ASEAN. Detiknews.com. (daring). (https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3554925/hadapi-ancaman-isis-ri-tawarkan-our-eyes-ke-menhan-di-asean, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Seib, P & Janbek, D.M. 2011. Global Terrorism and New Media: The Post-Al Qaeda Generation. Oxon. Routledge.

Spaaij, Ramon. 2012. Understanding Lone Wolf Terrorism: Global Pattern, Motivations and Prevention. London. Springer.

South-east Asian states launch intelligence-sharing pact to conter terror threat. The Straits Times. (daring). 2018. (https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/south-east-asian-states-launch-intelligence-pact-to-counter-islamist-threat, diakses pada 26 Mei 2018).

Terrorism in Southeast Asia, Congressional Research Services, no. 7-5700, Washington, 2009.

Westerman, Ashley. 2017. How Big A Threat Is Extrimism In Southeast Asia? Parallels. (daring). (https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/06/11/530949383/how-big-a-threat-is-extremism-in-southeast-asia, diakses pada 20 Desember 2017).

Winarno, B. 2011. Isu-Isu Global Kontemporer. Yogyakarta. CAPS.

Yahya, Yamin. 2018. Asean and Australia signdeal to combat terrorism together. The Jakarta Post. (daring). (http://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2018/03/17/asean-and-australia-sign-deal-to-combat-terrorism-together.html, diakses pada 26 Mei 2018).




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.62117

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Hubungan Internasional

 Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Indexed by:

      


Editorial Office of Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 

Ki Bagus Hadikusumo Building, E4, 1st floor, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Jl. Brawijaya, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia
jurnalhi@umy.ac.id ariekusumapaksi@umy.ac.id

 


Jurnal Hubungan Internasional in collaboration with:

   


Creative Commons License   

Jurnal Hubungan Internasional is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

View My Stats