Arfiandhani, Puput, and Osamu Takeuchi. “Developing and Validating Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Grit Scale: Evidence from Indonesia”. Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning 10, no. 2 (July 29, 2025): 182–212. Accessed September 1, 2025. https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/FTL/article/view/27306.