Thematic Analysis on COVID-19 Photojournalism in Indonesia

Authors

  • Radityo Widiatmojo Communication Science Departement, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Moch Nasvian Fuad Communication Science Departement, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18196/jkm.11557

Keywords:

Antara, COVID-19, Infodemic, Photojournalism, Thematic Analysis.

Abstract

The spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia is massive in terms of sufferers. This article aims to seek how national photo news agency ANTARA visualized the pandemic as part of contribution to COVID-19 research in the communication field. By utilizing thematic analysis and qualitative approach, the researchers want to identify, analyze, organize, describe, and report particular themes within an extensive data set of 466 photojournalism. The photos collected from www.antarafoto.com, start from 1 May until 12 May 2020. The finding shows that ANTARA visualized the current Indonesian condition of facing COVID-19 in 8 main themes, determined the countless efforts of ANTARA photojournalists working with a new protocol, and simultaneously also face the new resistance from society. The most popular theme produced by ANTARA photojournalists is economics (183 photos), Social (164), and health (80). Discussion on the most popular is divided into specific topics, namely location, subject’s gender, photographic approach, image format, and news photo category. By utilizing visual ethics on the field, photojournalists communicate the symbols and reality of the real world into a frame to change people’s views about COVID-19 amid the increasingly uncontrolled infodemic flow. 

References

Ågerfalk, P. J., Conboy, K., & Myers, M. D. (2020). Information systems in the age of pandemics: COVID-19 and beyond. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(3), 203–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1771968

Ajidarma, S. G. (2016). Kisah Mata – Fotografi antara Dua Subjek: Perbincangan tentang Ada. Galang Press.

Allan, S. (2015). Introduction: Photojournalism and citizen journalism. Journalism Practice, 9(4), 455–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2015.1030131

Bavel, J. J. Van, Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. N., Drury, J., Dube, O., Ellemers, N., Finkel, E. J., Fowler, J. H., Gelfand, M., Han, S., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., … Weeden, K. A. (n.d.). COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z

Bonnet, J. L., & Sellers, S. (2019). The COVID-19 Misinformation Challenge: An Asynchronous Approach to Information Literacy. Internet Reference Services Quarterly, 24(1–2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/10875301.2020.1861161

Cinelli, M., Quattrociocchi, W., Galeazzi, A., Valensise, C. M., Brugnoli, E., Schmidt, A. L., Zola, P., Zollo, F., & Scala, A. (2020). The COVID-19 Social Media Infodemic. 1–18.

Depoux et al., 2020. (2020). The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak. 400.

Gourlay, L., Littlejohn, A., Oliver, M., & Potter, J. (2021). Lockdown literacies and semiotic assemblages: academic boundary work in the Covid-19 crisis. Learning, Media and Technology, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2021.1900242

Greenwood, K. (2019). Photojournalism and Photojournalists. The International Encyclopedia of Journalism Studies. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0278

Hantrais, L., Allin, P., Kritikos, M., Sogomonjan, M., Anand, P. B., Livingstone, S., Williams, M., & Innes, M. (2021). Covid-19 and the digital revolution. Contemporary Social Science, 16(2), 256–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2020.1833234

Heng, T. (2011). Recent methodological opportunities in online hypermedia - a case study of photojournalism in Singapore. Sociological Research Online, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.2381

Heriyanto. (2019). Thematic Analysis sebagai Metode Menganalisa Data untuk Penelitian Kualitatif. May. https://doi.org/10.14710/anuva.2.3.317-324

Huynh TL. (2020). The COVID-19 risk perception: A survey on socioeconomics and media attention. Economics Bulletin. . AccessEcon, 40(1(1), 758–764.

Id, J. G., Zheng, P., Jia, Y., Chen, H., Mao, Y., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Fu, H., & Dai, J. (2020). Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. December 2019, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231924

Jamil, S., & Appiah-Adjei, G. (2020). Battling with infodemic and disinfodemic: the quandary of journalists to report on COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Media Asia, 47(3–4), 88–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2020.1853393

Kanozia, R., Kaur, S., & Arya, R. (2021). Infodemic during the COVID-19 lockdown in India. Media Asia, 48(1), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2021.1881286

Khan, S., Siddique, R., Li, H., Ali, A., Adnan, M., Bashir, N., & Xue, M. (2020). Impact of coronavirus outbreak on psychological health. 10(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.10.010331

Llewellyn, S. (2020). Covid-19 : how to be careful with trust and expertise. 1160(March), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1160

Newton, J. H. (2005). Visual Ethics Theory. In K. Smith, S. Moriarty, G. Barbatsis, & K. Kenny (Eds.), Handbook of Visual Communication, Theory, Method and Media. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Newton, J. H. (2013). Photojournalism. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405186407.wbiecp035.pub2

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria. 16, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

Pogliano, A. (2015). Evaluating news photographs: Trust, impact and consumer culture in the digital age. Journalism Practice, 9(4), 552–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2015.1030141

Rachmawati, A. (2020). Semiotika Foto Bencana Karya Putu Sayoga. FOMO, 01, 12–29. http://student-research.umm.ac.id/index.php/FOMO/article/view/8051

Sloan, S. M. (2020). Behind the ‘Curve’: COVID-19, Infodemic, and Oral History. The Oral History Review, 47(2), 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/00940798.2020.1798256

Svarajati, T. (2013). Photagogos: Gelap Terang Fotografi Indonesia. Suka Buku.

Taylor, J. (2000). Problems in Photojournalism: realism, the nature of news and the humanitarian narrative. Journalism Studies, 1(1), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/146167000361212

Utami, P. (2018). Hoax in Modern Politics : The Meaning of Hoax in Indonesian Politics and Democracy. JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK (Jsp), 22(2), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.34614

Wai, K. S., Khine, W. Y. K., Lim, J. M., Neo, P. H. M., Tan, R. K. J., & Ong, S. E. (2021). Malaysia, Myanmar and Singapore: common threads, divergences, and lessons learned in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Round Table, 110(1), 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2021.1875693

Widiatmojo, R. (2020). Literasi Visual sebagai penangkal Foto Hoax Covid-19. SOSPOL, 6(1), 114–127. http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/sospol/article/view/11221

Wijaya, T. (2014). Foto Jurnalistik. Gramedia.

Yustitia, S., & Dwi, A. P. (2020). An Analysis on COVID-19 Disinformation Triangle in Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikator, 12(2), 116–128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18196/jkm.122040

Downloads

Published

2021-11-13

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2021)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Komunikator as publisher of the journal. Copyright encompasses rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.

Authors should sign Copyright Transfer Agreement when they have approved the final proofs sent by Komunikator prior the publication. Komunikator strive to ensure that no errors occur in the articles that have been published, both data errors and statements in the article.

Komunikator keep the rights to articles that have been published. Authors are allowed to use their works for any purposes deemed necessary without written permission from Komunikator with an acknowledgement of initial publication in this journal.

License

All articles published in Komunikator are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA) license. You are free to:

  • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
  • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms:
  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  • No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.