El Mrabet, A., H. Hihi, M. K. Laghraib, M. Chahboun, M. Abouyaakoub, A. A. Ali, and A. Amalaoui. “Inverse Kinematics Optimization Using ACO, MOA, SPOA, and ALO: A Benchmark Study on Industrial Robot Arms”. Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 6, no. 4, June 2025, pp. 1729-45, doi:10.18196/jrc.v6i4.26809.