Gambaran Diet Anak Usia Sekolah di Desa Sidoharjo, Kulon Progo, terhadap Standar Normal Pertumbuhannya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v8i1.1650Keywords:
anak usia sekolah, gambaran diet, standar normal, diet description, normal standard, school-aged childrenAbstract
Child growth and development are influenced by several factors including hereditary and environment factors. The environment factors that potentially influence child growth and differentiation are diet and health. Diet intake in children is expected to meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) to enable good growth and development. The aim of this research is to identify diet description of school children in Sidoharjo District, Kulon Progo towards their normal standard of growth. The research subjects were 63 school children consisting of 33 girls and 30 boys aged 7-12 years old. This research was carried out by filling out a questionnaire consisting of respondent identity and diet survey form to record diet intake for 7 consecutive days. Subjects then underwent general physical examination i.e. bloodpressure, pulse, respiration rate, body height and weight. The results of this research showed that most children (> 80 %) had growth and development under 50% of percentile. The calorie intake was 50 % of RDA. The intake of carbohydrate, protein and lipid of the group of boys was 85,32%; 5,2%; 9,48% respectively. The intake of carbohydrate, protein and lipid of the group of girls was 83,2%; 6,5%; and 10,3% respectively. Therefore, the school children diet was below the RDA level.
Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor diantaranya faktor herediter dan lingkungan. Faktor lingkungan yang potensial mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak antara lain diet dan kesehatannya. Asupan makanan pada anak di harapkan sesuai dengan RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowance) nya, agar pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dapat baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran diet anak usia sekolah (SD) di dusun Sidoharjo Kulon Progo terhadap standard normal pertumbuhannya. Subyek penelitian ini sebanyak 63 anak terbagi atas 33 anak perempuan dan 30 anak laki - laki, dengan kisaran umur 7-12 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengisi kuesioner yang berisi identitas dan blangko survey diet untuk mencatat semua makanan yang dimakan berturut- turut selama 7 hari. Selanjutnya subjek diperiksa kesehatannya secara umum dengan pemeriksaan tekanan darah, nadi, respirasi, tinggi dan berat badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak baik perempuan dan laki - laki sebagian besar (> 80 %) di bawah persentil 50%.Asupan kalori hanya terpenuhi 50%nya. Kelompok perempuan asupan karbohidrat, protein dan lemak berturut - turut terpenuhi sebesar 85,32% , protein 5,2% dan lemak 9,48%, sedangkan pada kelompok laki - laki berturut turut 83,2%, 6,5%, dan 10,3%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah diet anak - anak usia sekolah di dusun Sidoharjo, Kulon Progo berada di bawah Standar Normal Pertumbuhannya (RDA).
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