Hubungan Preeklampsia Berat Pada Ibu Hamil terhadap BBLR di RSUP Dr.Sardjito Yogyakarta Periode Tahun 2005
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v7i1%20(s).1685Keywords:
Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR), ibu hamil, preeklampsia berat, low birth weight baby, pregnant women, severe preeclampciaAbstract
The hypertension that caused by pregnancy is preeclampsia. Preeclampsia was the most important cause of death in pregnancy in UK, USA and Nordic countries. Preeclampsia also made the disturbance of uteroplacenta distribution. It could cause the low birth weight infant. In the pattern of the diseases which cause the death, showed that the first cause of the neonatal death in 0 - 7 days age was preterm and low birth weight (35%), then asphyxia (33,6%). The study was conducted to investigate the relation between severe preeclampsia and low birth weight incident. The researches used an analytic retrospective by seeing the medical record and used the Chi-Square Crosstabs Test for statistic test. The subjects was 90 pregnant women which has been born their babies in RSUP DR Sardjito Yogyakarta which 54 women have severe preeclampcia during pregnancy, 23 women have mild preeclampcia and 13 normally The result from the statistic with Chi Square Crosstabs Test showed that the p value = 0,045. The p value < 0,05 was show that there was relation between the severe preeclampcia and low birth weight incident. From the research also known that the highest frequency of low birth weight was in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia (32,3%).
Penyakit hipertensi yang timbul karena kehamilan adalah preeklampsia. Pre-eklampsia merupakan penyebab kematian terpenting dalam kehamilan di UK, USA and negara-negara Nordic. Preeklampsia juga menyebabkan aliran uteroplasenta terganggu. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya BBLR. Pada pola penyakit penyebab kematian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penyebab kematian neonatal kelompok umur 0-7 hari tertinggi adalah premature dan berat badan lahir rendah/LBW (35%), kemudian asfiksia lahir (33,6%). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah preeklampsia berat pada ibu hamil berpengaruh pada kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis retrospektif dengan melihat data yang ada di rekam medis dan menggunakan uji Crosstabs Chi Square sebagai uji statistik dalam pengolahan data. Sebagai subjek adalah ibu-ibu yang telah melahirkan di RSUP DR.Sardjito sebanyak 90 orang dimana ibu dengan preeklampsia berat 54 orang, ibu dengan preeklampsia ringan 23 orang dan yang normal 13 orang. Hasil uji statistik dengan chi square didapatkan nilai p = 0,045. Nilai p < 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara preeklampsia berat pada ibu hamil terhadap kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR). Dari penelitian didapatkan bahwa kejadian BBLR tertinggi adalah pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia berat (32,3%).
References
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