Daya Antibakteri Infusa Umbi Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) terhadap Berbagai Kuman Penyebab Diare In Vitro

Lilis Suryani

Abstract


Diarrhoea remain a serious health problem in Indonesia. People often use the medicine plant to cure diarrhoea. The medicine plant tike Temu Hitam tuber (Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) has been used commonly against skin dis¬eases, respiratory diseases as well as digestive diseases (diarrhoea). Microor¬ganism causing diarrhoea include Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae and Vibrio cholerae.
This research is an experimental laboratory study to observe the anti-bacterial activity of Temu hitam (Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) tuber infusion against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Vibrio cholerae.
The antibacterial activity of Temu hitam (Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) tu-ber infusion has been tested by the determination of the minimal inhibitory con-centration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) using tube di-lution method.
The result of this study shows that the MIC and the MBC of Temu hitam (Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) tuber infusion against Escherichia coli is 22,2gr% and >25gr%, Shigella dysenteriae ll,lgr% and >25gr%, Vibrio cholerae l,91gr% and >25gr% respectively.
As a conclusion, it is obvious that Temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) tuber infusion possess an antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli as bacteriostatic. Temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) tuber infusion has the highest antibacterial activity against Vibrio cholerae while the lowest antibacterial activity is shown against Escherichia coli.

Di Indonesia penyakit diare (mencret) masih merupakan masalah serius di bidang kesehatan terutama di daerah pedesaan. Masyarakat di pedesaan sering menggunakan tanaman obat untuk mengobati diare. Salah satu bahan tanaman yang berkhasiat obat adalah umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb). Tanaman ini banyak dipakai sebagai obat tradisional mempunyai khasiat untuk meningkatkan nafsu makan, mengobati penyakit kulit, ruam, borok, obat mulas-mulas, peluruh angin, penambah darah, batuk dan sariawan.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya antibakteri infusa umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) terhadap beberapa bakteri penyebab diare yaitu: Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae dan Vibrio cholerae.
Daya antibakteri ditunjukkan dengan melihat kadar hambat minimal (KHM) dan kadar bunuh minimal (KBM) infusa umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) terhadap kuman tersebut dengan metode pengenceran tabung {tube dilution method).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa KHM infusa umbi temu hitam {Cur-cuma aeroginosa Roxb) berturut-turut terhadap kuman Escherichia coli 22,2gr%, Shigella dysenteriae 11,1 gr% dan Vibrio cholerae l,91gr%. KBM infusa umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) berturut-turut terhadap kuman Escherichia coli >25gr%, Shigella dysenteriae >25gr% dan Vibrio cholerae >25gr%.
Dari hasil penelitian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa infusa umbi temu hitam {Cur-cuma aeroginosa Roxb) mempunyai daya antibakteri terhadap kuman Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae dan Vibrio cholerae. Infusa umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb) mempunyai daya antibakteri yang kuat terhadap kuman Vibrio cholerae dan lemah terhadap kuman Escherichia coli. Daya antibakteri infusa umbi temu hitam terhadap Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, dan Shigella dysenteriae bersifat bakteriostatik.

Keywords


Umbi temu hitam {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb); daya antibakteri; KHM; Temu Hitam tuber {Curcuma aeroginosa Roxb); antibacterial activity; MIC; MBC; KBM

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v5i1.1862

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