Hubungan Onset Usia dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Skizofrenia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kasihan II Bantul Yogyakarta

Ajeng Wijayanti, Warih Andan Puspitosari

Abstract


Skizofrenia adalah suatu gangguan jiwa dimana adanya keretakan atau ketidakseimbangan antara proses berfikir, perasaan dan perbuatan. Skizofrenia prevalensinya sama antara laki-laki dan wanita, perbedaannya adalah dalam hal onset usia dan perjalanan penyakit. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan skizofrenia onset usia muda mengalami penurunan IQ, fungsi psikomotor, dan memori verbal lebih besar daripada skizofrenia onset usia tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara onset usia dan kualitas hidup skizofrenia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Responden penelitian sebanyak 25 orang penderita skizofrenia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kasihan II Bantul Yogyakarta, yaitu di Desa Ngestiharjo dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan kuesioner. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara onset usia dengan kualitas hidup pasien skizofrenia (sig=0,934, p>0,05). Hal ini disebabkan banyak faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien skizofrenia selain faktor onset usia yaitu faktor jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan dan penghasilan. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara onset usia dengan kualitas hidup pasien skizofrenia.

Skizofrenia is a mental disorder which presence the cracks or imbalance between the processes of thinking, feeling and action. Schizophrenia prevalence is equal between men and women, the differ­ence is in terms age of onset and course of disease. The result from previous study state that a young age of onset of schizophrenia decreased IQ, psychomotor function, verbal memory larger than the old age onset of schizophrenia. The research aims to determine the correlation between onset age and quality life of schizophrenia. This study is observational analytic study with cross-sectional design. The respondents was 25 schizophrenia patient in the work area Kasihan Primary Health Care II Bantul in the Ngestiharjo village, Yogyakarta using consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected by inter­view and questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The result from Spearman test show there are no correlation between age of onset and quality of life schizo­phrenia patient (sig=0,934, p>0,05). This is due to many other factors that affect quality of life of schizo­phrenic patients except the age of onset there are gender factor, education level, occupation and in­come. Concluded that there no correlation between age of onset with quality of life schizophrenia pa­tient.


Keywords


schizophrenia; age of onset; quality of life; skizofrenia; onset usia; kualitas hidup

Full Text:

PDF

References


Maramis, W.F. Catatan Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa. (2nd edition). Surabaya: Airlangga University Press. 2009.

Kaplan, H.I., Sadock, B.J. Sinopsis Psikiatri, Ilmu Pengetahuan Perilaku/Psikiatri Klinis. Tangerang: Binarupa Aksara. 2010.

Rajji, T.K., Ismail. Z., Mulsant, B.H. Age at On¬set and Cognition in Schizophrenia: Meta Ana¬lysis. Br J Psyciatry, 2009; 195 (4): 286-293.

Backstrom, M., Eklund, M. A Model of Subjec¬tive Quality of Life for Outpatients with Schizo¬phrenia and Other Psychoses. Qual Life Res, 2005; 14 (4): 1157-1168.

Cardoso CS, Caiaffa WT, Bandeira M, Siqueira AL, Abreu MN, Fonseca JO. Factors Associ¬ated with Low Quality of Life in Schizophreni¬a. Cad Saude Publica, 2005; 21 (5): 1338-40.

Suara Merdeka. Ramadhan dan Gangguan Jiwa. 2008. Diakses pada tanggal 19 Septem¬ber 2011 dari http://www.suaramerdeka.com/ smcetak/index.php?fuseaction=beritacetak. detailberitacetak&id_beritacetak=29624_ suara_merdeka_edisi_cetak

Alexander. C. Psyhiatric Morbidity Following Disasters: Epidemiology, Risk and Protective Factors. University of Adelaide, Queen Eliza-beth Hospitals, Woodville, South Australia, Australia. 2005.

Fakhari A, Ranjibar. F., Dadashzadeh. H., Moghadddas. F. an Epidemiological Survey of Mental Disorders among Adult in the North, West Area of Tabriz, Iran. Iran: Departement of Psychiatry. 2005.

Kaplan, H.I., Sadock, B.J. Sinopsis Psikiatri, Ilmu Pengetahuan Perilaku/Psikiatri Klinis. Tangerang: Binarupa Aksara. 2010.

Mallett R, Leff J, Bhugra D, Pang D, Zhao JH. Social Environment, Ethnicity and Schizophre¬nia. A Case-Control Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 2002; 37 (7): 329-35.

Van Den Bergh. Stres at Work., in Singleton, W.T., & Dirkx. J., (eds) Ergonomic, Health, and Safety, Perspectives for the Nineties. Leuven: University Press. 1991.

Kessler, RC., Galea, S., Jones, RT., Parker, HA. and Hurricane Katrina Community Advi-sory Group. 2005. Mental Illness and Suicuda- tily After Hurrican Katrina. Bull World Health Organ, 2006; 84 (12): 930-939.

Neligh. G.L. Psychiatry the National Medical Series for Independent Study Ed.2, New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1989.

Fagiolini, A. & Goracci, A. 2007. The Long Term-Maximizing Potensial for Rehabilitation in Patients with Schizophrenia. Eur Neuro- psychopharmacol, 2007; 17 (2): S123-9.

Setyawati, Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Keluar-ga terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kusta di Puskesmas Kunduran Kabupaten Blora. Yogyakarta: Program Studi ILmu Keperawatan FK UGM (skripsi). Tidak diterbitkan. 2007.

De Souza, L.A., Coutinho, E.S.F. The Quality of Life of People with Schizophrenia Living in Community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soc Psy¬chiatry Epidemiol, 2006; 41 (5): 347-356.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v14i1.2469

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


      

Editorial Office:
Journal Room, G1 (Biomedic) Building, Ground Floor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 
Jalan Lingkar Selatan (Brawijaya), Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 387 656 (ext: 231)
WA : +62 811-2650-303
Website: http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm 
E-mail: mmjkk@umy.university

Creative Commons License
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. View My Stats