Efektifitas Edukasi Diabetes dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Pengaturan Diet pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v15i1.2492Keywords:
Compliance Settings Diet, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Education Diabetes, Kepatuhan Pengaturan Diet, Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Edukasi DiabetesAbstract
Edukasi diabetes merupakan pendidikan mengenai pengetahuan dan ketrampilan bagi pasien diabetes yang bertujuan mengubah perilaku untuk meningkatkan pemahaman klien akan penyakitnya. Kepatuhan diet merupakan masalah besar yang terjadi pada penderita DM tipe 2 saat ini. Prinsip pengaturan pola makan didasarkan pada status gizi pasien diabetes dan melakukan modifikasi diet dengan memperhatikan gaya hidup serta pola kebiasaan makan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi diabetes terhadap kepatuhan pengaturan diet pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di kelurahan Wirogunan dan Brontokusuman Kota Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experimental pre – post test without control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelurahan Wirogunan dan Brontokusuman. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 82 responden (41 kelompok intervensi dan 41 untuk kelompok kontrol). Hasil penelitian dengan uji Wilcoxon test kelompok intervensi didapatkan nilai bermakna (p=0,002), terdapat perbedaan kepatuhan pengaturan diet sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi diabetes. Pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan nilai tidak bermakna (p=1,000), tidak terdapat perbedaan kepatuhan pengaturan diet sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi diabetes. Uji beda Mann Whitney diperoleh nilai bermakna (p=0,020) terdapat perbedaan kepatuhan pengaturan diet sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi diabetes antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Disimpulkan edukasi diabetes berpengaruh bermakna terhadap kepatuhan pengaturan diet pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2.
Education diabetes is an education about the knowledge and skills for patients with diabetes who aim to change behavior to improve client understanding of his illness. Dietary compliance is a major problem that occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes today. Principles of dietary adjustments based on the nutritional status of patients with diabetes and dietary modifications by paying attention to lifestyle and eating habits patterns. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of education diabetes to compliance of the diet in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the village Wirogunan and Brontokusuman Yogyakarta. This research method using quasi-experimental pre - post test without control group design. This research was conducted in the village Wirogunan and Brontokusuman. The total sample of 82 respondents (41 intervention group and 41 to the control group). Results of research by Wilcoxon test intervention group obtained significant values (p = 0.002), there are differences in compliance with the diet before and after diabetes education. In the control group obtained values are not significant (p = 1.000), there are no differences in compliance with the diet before and after diabetes education. Mann Whitney test values obtained significant (p = 0.020) there are differences in compliance with the diet before and after diabetes education between the intervention group and the control group. Conclusion: education diabetes meaningful effect on adherence fat diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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