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Efikasi Fraksi Etanolik Akar Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) sebagai Kemoterapi Kanker Kolon Berdasarkan Ekspresi Caspase-9
Abstract
Kanker kolon merupakan salah satu kanker banyak dijumpai. Kanker kolon merupakan satu dari 10 kanker primer paling sering di Indonesia pada 1988, 1989, dan 1991. Berdasarkan perkembangan globalisasi di Indonesia diperkirakan insidensi dan prevalensi kanker kolon akan meningkat. Apigenin adalah bioflavonoid subkelas flavone yang memiliki potensi terapeutik yang besar, salah satunya adalah memacu apoptosis. Apigenin terdapat dalam tempuyung (Soncus arvensis L.) . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) untuk kemoterapi kanker kolon melalui ekspresi caspase-9 pada cell line kanker kolon WiDr. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara sampel tanaman dideterminasi. Akar tempuyung difraksinasi dan dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas, kemudian dilakukan uji imunohistokimia pada cell line kanker kolon WiDr dengan ditambahkan fraksi akar tempuyung ½ IC50, IC50, dan 2 IC50. Sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan media kultur dan kontrol positif digunakan fluorouracil dosis 46,56 µg/mL, kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa determinasi spesies sampel adalah Sonchus arvensis L. Hasil uji sitotoksisitas IC50 fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung adalah 2865,5 µg/mL. Pada penelitian ini tidak dilakukan uji imunohistokimia karena IC50 fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung terlalu besar (e”50 µg/mL). Disimpulkan bahwa fraksi etanolik akar tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) memiliki potensi yang rendah untuk kemoterapi kanker kolon berdasarkan ekspresi caspase-9 pada cell line kanker kolon WiDr
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v11i1.931
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