Email this article Public Trust: Indonesian Policy in Developing a New Capital City (IKN)
Abstract
Public trust is a key factor in assessing government policies, as it strengthens the connection between the state, government, and society, forming the basis for successful policy implementation. This study investigates public trust in the development of Indonesia’s new capital city (IKN), employing a qualitative approach with descriptive content analysis. Twitter discussions on IKN policies were analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The findings reveal that public trust in IKN development is generally positive, driven by the vision of IKN as a future model world city, promoting economic equality and prosperity. President Joko Widodo’s leadership also plays a pivotal role. However, concerns about environmental damage and budgetary issues have contributed to a decline in trust. The study concludes that public trust will be critical to the long-term sustainability of IKN development. This research advances the field by integrating social media analytics, particularly Twitter discussions, with public policy analysis, offering real-time insights into public sentiment toward major government projects like IKN. The novelty of this study lies in its examination of public trust specifically in the context of developing a new capital city, a rare topic within existing literature. This study contributes to the broader discourse on public trust and policy implementation by providing a unique case study on IKN. It highlights the factors that enhance and diminish public trust in large-scale government projects, offering policymakers insights on how to address concerns and build sustained trust, which is crucial for the project's future success.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abubakar, I. R., & Doan, P. L. (2017). Building new capital cities in Africa: Lessons for new satellite towns in developing countries. African Studies, 76(4), 546–565. https://doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2017.1376850
Akande, A., Cabral, P., Gomes, P., & Casteleyn, S. (2019). The Lisbon ranking for smart, sustainable cities in Europe. Sustainable Cities and Society, 44, 475–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.10.009
Araos, M., Berrang-Ford, L., Ford, J. D., Austin, S. E., Biesbroek, R., & Lesnikowski, A. (2016). Climate change adaptation planning in large cities: A systematic global assessment. Environmental Science and Policy, 66, 375–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.06.009
Azhar, H. N., Putri Fatima, H. H., & Tamas, I. N. (2020). Preliminary study of Indonesia capital city relocation based on disaster mitigation principle with mental model approach. E3S Web of Conferences, 148, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014806002
B, J., Budiman, B., Idris, A., Nasir, B., & Khaerunnisa, A. (2022). The Impact of IKN on Socio-Economic Development in Penajem Paser Utara (PPU) and Kutai Kartanegara. Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 9(2), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.v9i2.14083
Baharuddin, T., Jubba, H., Nurmandi, A., & Qodir, Z. (2022). Online Social Trust in Government: Analysis of Government Policy During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Democracy and Social Transformation, ICON-DEMOST 2021. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315575
Baharuddin, T., Nurmandi, A., Qodir, Z., & Jubba, H. (2022). Bibliometric Analysis of Socio-Political Research on Capital Relocation: Examining Contributions to the Case of Indonesia. Journal of Local Government Issues (LOGOS), 5(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22219/logos.v5i1.19468
Baharuddin, T., Qodir, Z., & Loilatu, M. J. (2022). Government Website Performance during Covid-19 : Comparative Study Yogyakarta and South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 9(2), 109–123. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.v9i2.11474
Baharuddin, T., Sairin, S., Jubba, H., Qodir, Z., Nurmandi, A., & Hidayati, M. (2021). Social Capital and Social Trust : The State's Response in Facing the Spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Sociology and Technoscience, 11(2), 23–47. https://doi.org/10.24197/st.2.2021.23-47
Baharuddin, T., Sairin, S., Qodir, Z., Jubba, H., & Nurmandi, A. (2022). Partisipasi dan kepercayaan sosial daring: kebijakan vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi, 6(1), 277–290. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v6i1.3680
Beshi, T. D., & Kaur, R. (2020). Public Trust in Local Government: Explaining the Role of Good Governance Practices. Public Organization Review, 20(2), 337–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-019-00444-6
BPK. (2022). Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 tentang Ibu Kota Negara. bpk.go.id. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/198400/uu-no-3-tahun-2022
Buana, M. S., Listiningrum, P., Nugroho, P. A., & Marbun, A. A. Y. (2022). The Nusantara Capital City Project: Why Development and Human Rights Do Not Always Mix. Law and Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2022-0063
Cairney, P., & Wellstead, A. (2021). COVID-19: effective policymaking depends on trust in experts, politicians, and the public. Policy Design and Practice, 4(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1837466
Carter, J. G., Cavan, G., Connelly, A., Guy, S., Handley, J., & Kazmierczak, A. (2015). Climate change and the city: Building capacity for urban adaptation. Progress in Planning, 95, 1–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2013.08.001
Engelbert, J., van Zoonen, L., & Hirzalla, F. (2019). Excluding citizens from the European smart city: The discourse practices of pursuing and granting smartness. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142, 347–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.08.020
Erlando, A., Riyanto, F. D., & Masakazu, S. (2020). Financial inclusion, economic growth, and poverty alleviation: evidence from eastern Indonesia. Heliyon, 6(10), e05235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05235
Evans, P. (1996). Government action, social capital and development: Reviewing the evidence on synergy. World Development, 24(6), 1119–1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(96)00021-6
Fitzgerald, J., & Wolak, J. (2016). The roots of trust in local government in western europe. International Political Science Review, 37(1), 130–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512114545119
Freelon, D., McIlwain, C., & Clark, M. (2018). Quantifying the power and consequences of social media protest. In New Media and Society (Vol. 20, Issue 3, pp. 990–1011). https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816676646
Glaeser, E. L. (2022). What can developing cities today learn from the urban past? Regional Science and Urban Economics, 94, 103698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103698
Gritsai, O., & Wusten, H. Van der. (2000). Moscow and St. Petersburg, a sequence of capitals, a tale of two cities. GeoJournal, 51(1–2), 33–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010849220006
Guo, D., He, G., & Lian, Z. (2017). Environmental risk perception and public trust—from planning to operation for China's high-speed railway. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 11(9), 696–706. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2017.1306761
Hartanto, D., Dalle, J., Akrim, A., & Anisah, H. U. (2021). Perceived effectiveness of e-governance as an underlying mechanism between good governance and public trust: a case of Indonesia. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 23(6), 598–616. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-03-2021-0046
Houston, D. J., & Harding, L. H. (2013). Public Trust in Government Administrators: Explaining Citizen Perceptions of Trustworthiness and Competence. Public Integrity, 16(1), 53–76. https://doi.org/10.2753/PIN1099-9922160103
Hsiang, S., Oliva, P., & Walker, R. (2019). The Distribution of Environmental Damages. In Review of Environmental Economics and Policy (No. 23882). https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rey024
Ibrahim, A. H. H., Baharuddin, T., & Wance, M. (2023). Developing a Forest City in a New Capital City: A Thematic Analysis of the Indonesian Government's Plans. Jurnal Bina Praja, 15(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.21787/jbp.15.2023.1-13
Iqbal, M. (2021). Smart City in Practice: Learn from Taipei City. Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 8(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.811342
Irawan, B., Jafar Loilatu, M., Akbar, P., & Reynaldi, R. (2022). An Exploration Respond of COVID-19 Policy through Social Media in Indonesia. Policy & Governance Review, 6(3), 229. https://doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v6i3.596
Kim, S. (2010). Public Trust in Government in Japan and South Korea: Does the Rise of Critical Citizens Matter? Public Administration Review, 70(5), 801–810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02207.x
King, B., Fielke, S., Bayne, K., Klerkx, L., & Nettle, R. (2019). Navigating shades of social capital and trust to leverage opportunities for rural innovation. Journal of Rural Studies, 68, 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.02.003
Kołczyńska, M. (2020). Democratic values, education, and political trust. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 61(1), 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715220909881
Lanin, D., & Hermanto, N. (2019). The effect of service quality toward public satisfaction and public trust on local government in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Economics, 46(3), 377–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-04-2017-0151
Medianti, U. S. (2023, January 18). Sri Mulyani Siapkan Rp 23 Trilun untuk IKN Tahun 2023, untuk Proyek Apa Saja. Tempo.co. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1680942/sri-mulyani-siapkan-rp-23-trilun-untuk-ikn-tahun-2023-untuk-proyek-apa-saja#:~:text=TEMPO.CO%2C Jakarta - Menteri,IKN) Nusantara di Kalimantan Timur.
Morten, M., & Oliveira, J. (2018). The Effects of Roads on Trade and Migration: Evidence from a Planned Capital City. In NBER Working Paper. https://web.stanford.edu/~memorten/ewExternalFiles/Morten_Oliveira_Brasilia.pdf
Newton, K., Stolle, D., & Zmerli, S. (2018). Social and political trust. In E. M. USLANER (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Social and Political Trust (p. 37). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274801.013.20
Power, T. P. (2018). Rethinking Power Relations in Indonesia: Transforming the Margins. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 54(1), 127–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1450068
Presidential Regulation. (2022). Peraturan Presiden Nomor 63 Tahun 2022 Tentang Perincian Rencana Induk Ibu Kota Nusantara (Number 63 of 2022 concerning New Capital City Master Plan) (p. 349). ikn.go.id. https://ikn.go.id/tentang-ikn
Rifaid, Abdurrahman, Baharuddin, T., & Kusuma, B. M. A. (2023). Smart City Development in the New Capital City : Indonesian Government Plans. Journal of Contemporary Governance and Public Policy, 4(2), 115–130. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46507/jcgpp.v4i2.141
Rosana, F. C. (2022, January 25). Pembangunan IKN Tahun Ini, Kepala Bappenas_ Rp 12 Triliun Dana APBN Disiapkan. Tempo.co. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1553893/pembangunan-ikn-tahun-ini-kepala-bappenas-rp-12-triliun-dana-apbn-disiapkan
Rudolph, T. J., & Evans, J. (2005). Political Trust, Ideology, and Public Support for Government Spending. American Journal of Political Science, 49(3), 660–671. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00148.x
Sari, I. (2023). NARRATIVE POLICY FRAMEWORK: KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM PASCASARJANA MAGISTER ILMU PEMERINTAHAN. Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.
Sassen, S. (2001). Cities in the Global Economy. In R. Paddison (Ed.), Handbook of Urban Studies (p. 256). Sage publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848608375.n16
Schatz, E. (2003). What capital cities say about state and nation building. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 9(4), 111–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537110390444140
Schefold, B. (2022). The Significance of Economic Knowledge for Welfare and Economic Growth in History. In M. Frangipane, M. Poettinger, & B. Schefold (Eds.), Ancient Economies in Comparative Perspective (pp. 25–53). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08763-9_3
Schmidthuber, L., Ingrams, A., & Hilgers, D. (2021). Government Openness and Public Trust: The Mediating Role of Democratic Capacity. Public Administration Review, 81(1), 91–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13298
Song, C., & Lee, J. (2016). Citizens Use of Social Media in Government, Perceived Transparency, and Trust in Government. Public Performance and Management Review, 39(2), 430–453. https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2015.1108798
Spottswood, E. L., & Wohn, D. Y. (2020). Online social capital: recent trends in research. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 147–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.07.031
Sugihartati, R., Susilo, D., & Putranto, T. D. (2020). Discourse about the government's political goal to move the capital of Indonesia. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(10), 462–480.
Suswanta, Kurniawan, D., Nurmandi, A., & Salahudin. (2021). Analysis of the Consistency Policy Indonesia's Capital Relocation in the Pandemic Era. Jurnal Studi Sosial Dan Politik, 5(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v5i1.7865
Sutoyo, E., & Almaarif, A. (2020). Twitter sentiment analysis of the relocation of Indonesia's capital city. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 9(4), 1620–1630. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i4.2352
Teo, H. C., Lechner, A. M., Sagala, S., & Campos-Arceiz, A. (2020). Environmental impacts of planned capitals and lessons for Indonesia's new capital. Land, 9(11), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9110438
Tsang, S., Burnett, M., Hills, P., & Welford, R. (2009). Trust, public participation and environmental governance in Hong Kong. Environmental Policy and Governance, 19(2), 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.502
VIVAnews. (2010, August 3). SBY Kaji Pindahkan Ibukota Sejak Maret. Viva.co.id. https://www.viva.co.id/berita/politik/168665-istana-kaji-pindahkan-ibukota-sejak-maret
Wei, Y., Huang, C., Lam, P. T. I., & Yuan, Z. (2015). Sustainable urban development: A review on urban carrying capacity assessment. Habitat International, 46, 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.015
Wu, J., Li, X., Chiclana, F., & Yager, R. (2019). An Attitudinal Trust Recommendation Mechanism to Balance Consensus and Harmony in Group Decision Making. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 27(11), 2163–2175. https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2019.2895564
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.v10i3.17681
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Governance and Public Policy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Office:
Master of Government Affairs and Administration (MIP)
Postgraduate Building 2nd Floor UMY
Phone: +62 274 387 656 (ext: 173)
Jl. Brawijaya, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
View My Stats
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.