Is Early Marriage a Problem in Indonesia? Maqāṣid Al-Sharī‘ah, Economic and Quadruple Helix Analysis

Yusup Hidayat, Aris Machmud, Sadino Sadino, Anas Lutfi, Prosper Maguchu

Abstract


Early marriage is a contributing factor to low levels of health, education, and family welfare. Early marriage is a worldwide occurrence that warrants the attention of all stakeholders, including UNICEF. The objective of this study is to address the issue of early marriage in Indonesia by employing the quadruple helix approach and doing legal and economic analysis to effectively reduce the prevalence of early marriages. The author employed a type of normative juridical study that incorporated both national law and the Islamic legal method approach known as maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This was done by utilizing the quadruple helix and economic analysis of law (EAL) theory. Ultimately, early marriage is influenced by ineffective regulations as well as cultural, economic, and educational factors. To address this issue, it is crucial to establish a strong collaboration between academics, businesses, government, and society. Additionally, raising awareness among the public about the benefits of delaying marriage until the appropriate age can contribute to the well-being of couples, families, and society as a whole. This approach can also incentivize the community by facilitating access to education, the economy, and healthcare and addressing issues such as stunting.

Keywords


Early Marriage; EAL; Family; Maqāṣid Al-Sharia; Welfare.

References


Alfons, Matius. “Muhammadiyah Soal Aisha Weddings: Pernikahan Dini Tak Diperkenankan UU.” DetikNews, February 11, 2021.

Anggoro, Taufan. “Konsep Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Islam.” Afkaruna. Yogjakarta: IRCiSoD :, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18196/aiijis.2019.0098.129-134.

Arni, Noni. “Kuatnya Tradisi, Salah Satu Penyebab Pernikahan Dini | Sosial | DW | 16.11.2009.” DW, November 16, 2009. https://www.dw.com/id/kuatnya-tradisi-salah-satu-penyebab-pernikahan-dini/a-4897834.

Aryanti, Efridani Lubis, and Rohmad Adi Yulianto. “Analisis Yuridis Perceraian Akibat Perkawinan Usia Dini.” Jurisdictie 10, no. 5 (2023): 1–14.

ASEAN. “ASEAN Calls for Ending Child, Early, and Forced Marriage.” Asean, March 8, 2019. https://asean.org/asean-calls-ending-child-early-forced-marriage/.

Bahri, Syaiful. “Paradigma Fikih Baru Jamal Al-Banna Dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pembaruan Peran Perempuan Dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam (Fiqh Al-Munakahat).” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 19, no. 1 (2019): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v1i1.1-26.

Bandial, Ain. “Brunei Urged to Raise Minimum Age of Marriage.” The Scoop, August 6, 2018. https://thescoop.co/2018/08/06/brunei-urged-to-raise-minimum-age-of-marriage/.

Bappenas. “Strategi Nasional Pencegahan Perkawinan Anak.” Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 53, no. 9 (2020): xi–78.

BBC News Indonesia. “Pengantin Anak Di India Berjuang Meraih Cita-Cita - ‘Jangan Belenggu Diriku Dengan Perkawinan’ -.” April 3, 2022.

Bilalu, Naskur, Ridwan Jamal, Nurlaila Harun, and Syahrul Mubarak Subeitan. “Compilation of Islamic Law as Judge’s Consideration at a Religious Court in North Sulawesi, Indonesia.” Samarah 6, no. 2 (2022): 514–36. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i2.12441.

Board, Värmland County Administrative. A Quadruple Helix Guide for Innovations. Sweden, 2018.

Cindy Mutia Annur. “Angka Pernikahan Di Indonesia Pada 2022 Terendah Dalam Satu Dekade Terakhir.” Https://Databoks.Katadata.Co.Id/, March 2, 2023. https://databoks-series.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2023/03/02/angka-pernikahan-di-indonesia-pada-2022-terendah-dalam-satu-dekade-terakhir.

Dahriah, Abdul Jabbar, and Muhammad Rusdi. “Strategi Pemerintah Dalam Meminimalisir Pernikahan Dini Di Kecamatan Maritengngae Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang.” PRAJA: Jurnal Ilmiah Pemerintahan 8, no. 3 (2020): 163–72. https://doi.org/10.55678/prj.v8i3.291.

Dian Ety Mayasari, Andreas L Atjengbharata. “Pengaturan Batas Usia Untuk Melakukan Perkawinan Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak.” DiH : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 16, no. 2 (2020): 237–46.

Elonika, Y, A Pebrianti, and ... “Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Atas Perkawinan Dini Terhadap Pendidikan Anak Suku Laut Di Kabupaten Lingga: Antara Solusi Dan Tradisi.” JIIP: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu … 8, no. 2 (2023). https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jiip/article/view/18956.

Hartono, Toni, Masduki Masduki, and Pipir Romadi. “The Da’i (Muslim Preachers) and Social Change Challenges: A Study of Da’i Professionalism In Dumai, Riau.” Afkaruna 16, no. 1 (2020): 58–82. https://doi.org/10.18196/aiijis.2020.0113.58-81.

Helim, Abdul. Maqasid Syariah versus Ushul Fiqh (Konsep Dan Posisinya Dalam Metodologi Hukum Islam). Edited by Ratih Indriani. Cetakan Pe. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2019.

Jamaluddin, Nanda Amalia. Buku Ajar Hukum Perkawinan. Edited by Faisal. Cet 1. Lhokseumawe Aceh: Unimal Press, 2016.

Kholid, Muhamad. “Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Undang-Undang Perbankan Syariah.” Asy-Syari’ah 20, no. 2 (2018): 145–62. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v20i2.3448.

Kurniawati, Mega. “Lost Generation Dan Dampaknya Pada Bonus Demografi - Linisehat.” Linisehat.Com, March 13, 2022.

Laksmi, Elvina, and Rina Haryanti. “Corporate Social Responsibility in Preventing Child Marriage In Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review 2016 - 2021,” 2022. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315191.

Lestari, Novita. “Problematika Hukum Perkawinan Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Mizani: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi Dan Keagamaan 4, no. 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.29300/mzn.v4i1.1009.

Liky Faizal, Abd. Qohar. “The Age Limit for Marriage in Brunei Darussalam in Maslahah and Legal Politics Perspectives.” Jurnal Mahkamah: Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam 14, no. 1 (2021): 1–13. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.25217/jm v6i1.1334.

Madison Feser. “5 Countries with Highest Numbers of Child Marriage.” Unic, July 7, 2017. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/5-countries-with-highest-child-marriage/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw18WKBhCUARIsAFiW7JxG4o_OCc1b3h2G0QSmsOV08fNYJpLCu4Fg6Z-BUE52P8Bsf4oBJwgaAkXcEALw_wcB.

Mayo, John W. The Evolution of Regulation: 20th Century Lessons and 21st Century, 2011. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/jun/15/costs-without-benefits/.

Muhaimin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Cet. Perta. Mataram-NTB: Mataram University Press, 2020.

Mujiburrahman, Nuraeni, Farida Herna Astuti, Ahmad Muzanni, and M. Muhlisin. “Pentingnya Pendidikan Bagi Remaja Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Pernikahan Dini.” COMMUNITY : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (2021): 36–41. https://doi.org/10.51878/community.v1i1.422.

Murwadji, Tarsisius. “Integrasi Ilmu Mutu Hukum Kedalam Audit Mutu Hukum Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum POSITUM 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–22.

Noor, Meitria Syahadatina, Fauzie Rahman, Fahrini Yulidasari, Budi Santoso, Atikah Rahayu, Dian Rosadi, Nur Laily, et al. Pernikahan Dini Dan Upaya Pencegahannya. Pernikahan Dini Dan Upaya Pencegahannya, 2021. https://kesmas.ulm.ac.id/id/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Buku-Ajar-Pernikahan-Dini.pdf.

Nurhanisah, Yuli. “Mayoritas Pemuda Di Indonesia Menikah Muda.” Indonesiabaik.Id, 2022. Mayoritas Pemuda di Indonesia Menikah Muda.

Rahadianti, Ayu, and Azis Muslim. “Strategi Dan Dampak Kebijakan KUA Dalam Menekan Angka Pernikahan Dini Di Kecamatan Karangpawitan Kabupaten Garut.” Jurnal Pemerintahan Dan Kebijakan (JPK) 4, no. 2 (2023): 95–106. https://doi.org/10.18196/jpk.v4i2.16198.

Ratnaningsih. “Nilai Keadilan, Kemanfaatan, Dan Kepastian Hukum Pencegahan Perkawinan Anak.” Jeblr 1, no. 1 (2021): 50–66.

Ridwan, Asrifia, Isni Wahidiyah Susanto, and Alfiana Yuniar Rahmawati. “Alternative Policies for Handling Abhakalan Problem of Early Marriage in Madura.” Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice 1, no. 2 (2023): 124–32. https://doi.org/10.26905/j-tragos.v1i2.10208.

Setyanti, Sri Wahyu Lelly Hana. “Peran Quadruple Helix Untuk Meningkatkan Kreatifitas Dan Kinerja Inovasi Industri Kreatif Indonesia.” Seminar Nasional Manajemen Dan Bisnis Ke-3, 2018, 244–51. https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/article/download/9169/6136.

Singh, Susheela, and Renee Samara. “Early Marriage among Women in Developing Countries.” International Family Planning Perspectives 22, no. 4 (1996). https://doi.org/10.2307/2950812.

Siregar, Ramadhan Syahmedi, Muhammad Syakban, and Muhammad Ikhlas bin Rosele. “The Role of Marriage Guardian of the Same Clan in the Traditional Marriage of Batak Toba Muslims in Samosir Regency in the Perspective of Islamic Law.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 17, no. 1 (2023): 41–52. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v17i1.6750.

Sulaksono, Hary. “Roadblock Implementasi Peran Quadruple Helix.” Seminar Nasional Manajemen Dan Bisnis Ke-3 Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Jember, 2018, 366–81.

Sulikah, Sulikah, Lely Indah Mindarti, I Gede Eko Putra Sri Sentanu, and Kemal Hidayah. “Pendekatan Kolaborasi Quadruple Helix Dalam Peningkatan Ekonomi Daerah.” Jurnal Borneo Administrator 17, no. 1 (2021): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v17i1.714.

Sulvia Triana Hapsari, Abdul Madjid, Nurini, Aprilianda. “Quadro Helix in Development of Islamic in Indonesia,” 2021, 9.

Susilawati, R. “Upaya Pencegahan Pernikahan Dini Meningkatkan Generasi Berkualitas Di Lombok Timur (Studi Kasus UPTD PPA Lombok Timur).” At-Taujih: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling … 1, no. 1 (2022): 40–48. http://jurnal.iaihnwpancor.ac.id/index.php/taujih/article/view/755%0Ahttp://jurnal.iaihnwpancor.ac.id/index.php/taujih/article/download/755/594.

Szmigiera, M. “Highest Child Marriage Prevalence Worldwide by Country.” Statista, January 5, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1226532/countries-with-the-highest-child-marriage-rate/.

Tanhati, Sysilia. “Pengantin Anak Di India, Sebuah Lingkaran Setan Tanpa Jalan Keluar.” National Geographic Indonesia, May 31, 2022.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan, embaran Negara RI Tahun 2019 Nomor 186, Tambahan Lembaran Negara RI Tahun Nomor 6401., Pub. L. No. embaran Negara RI Tahun 2019 Nomor 186, Tambahan Lembaran Negara RI Tahun Nomor 6401. (2019).

Unicef. “Child Marriage Is a Violation of Human Rights, but Is All Too Common.” May 1, 2020. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/child-marriage/.

United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security. Human Security and Agenda 2030 SDGs, 2017. https://www.un.org/humansecurity/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Human-Security-and-the-SDGs.pdf.

World Bank. “Child Marriage Will Cost Developing Countries Trillions of Dollars by 2030, Says World Bank/ICRW Report.” World Bank, 2017. http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2017/06/26/child-marriage-will-cost-developing-countries-trillions-of-dollars-by-2030-says-world-bankicrw-report.

World Health Organization and United Nation on Human Right. “Child and Forced Marriage, Including in Humanitarian Settings OHCHR and Women’s Human Rights and Gender Equality.” World Health Organization and United Nation on Human Right. Washinton DC: UN, 2022. https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/child-and-forced-marriage-including-humanitarian-settings#:~:text=Worldwide%2C more than 650 million,union%2C before reaching age 18.

Yee, Choong Pui. “Eradicating Child Marriages in Southeast Asia: Protecting Children, Challenging Cultural Exceptionalism – Penang Institute.” Penang Isntitute, January 16, 2021. https://penanginstitute.org/publications/issues/eradicating-child-marriages-in-southeast-asia-protecting-children-challenging-cultural-exceptionalism/.

Yoshida, Yeni Herliana, Junita Budi Rachman, Wawan Budi Darmawan, Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Padjadjaran, and Pernikahan Anak. “Upaya Indonesia Dalam Mengatasi Pernikahan Anak Sebagai Impleentasi Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Tujuan 5 (5.3).” Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional 1, no. 3 (2023): 153–66. https://doi.org/10.24198/aliansi.v1i3.44202.

Yudho Bawono, Setyaningsih, Lailatul M Hanim, Masrifah, Jayaning S Astuti. “Budaya Dan Pernikahan Dini Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Budaya 24, no. 1 (2022): 83–91. https://doi.org/10.26623/jdsb.v21i2.1698.

Zaki, Muhammad. “Perlindungan Anak Dalam Persfektif Islam” 6, no. 2 (2014): 1–15.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/afkaruna.v20i1.19493

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdiciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies indexed by:   

Office:
Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
F6 Building 2nd Floor, Jl. Brawijaya, Geblagan, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta 55183