PERKEMBANGAN INDUSTRI DI DAERAH PASCAKRISIS EKONOMI 1998: DEINDUSTRIALISASI DAN PENYEBABNYA

Abdul Aziz Ahmad

Abstract


Abstract: Manufacture sector can be categorized as the most efficient economic sector to boost the employment rate. This research indicates that several regions in Central Java Province tend to have deindustrialization. The regions are Pemalang, Pekalongan, Batang, Klaten, Sukoharjo, Jepara, Cilacap, Banyumas, Banjarnegara, Wonosobo, Boyolali, Grobogan District, Tegal City, Semarang City, Surakarta City, and Salatiga City. The main factors which have push effect to the deindustrialization process are structural change of labor activity from manufacture to others, manufacture strengthening of prominent manufacture region that boost the manufacture divergence, and also the increasing of manufacture value added mainly in prominent manufacture region. Other factors that have less effect to the deindustrialization process are the decreasing of public modern financial activity and the decreasing of infrastructure development.


Abstrak: Sektor manufaktur dapat dikategorikan sebagai sektor ekonomi yang paling efisien untuk memperbesar kesempatan kerja. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa daerah di provinsi Jawa Tengah mengalami deindustrialisasi. Daerah daerah tersebut yaitu Pemalang, Pekalongan, Batang, Klaten, Sukoharjo, Jepara, Cilacap, Banyumas, Banjarnegara, Wonosobo, Boyolali, kabupaten, kabupaten Grobogan, kota Tegal, kota Semarang, kota Surakarta, dan kota Salatiga. Faktor utama yang berpengaruh mendorong proses deindustrialisasi adalah perubahan struktural aktivitas tenaga kerja dari manufaktur ke aktivitas yang lain, sektor manufaktur memperkuat wilayah manufaktur besar yang dapat mendorong terjadinya divergensi manufaktur, dan juga menaikkan nilai tambah manufaktur terutama daerah manufaktur yang utama. Faktor lain yang sedikit berpengaruh pada proses deindustrialisasi adalah berkurangnya aktivitas keuangan umum modern dan menurunnya pembangunan infrastruktur.



Keywords


manufacture; deindustrialization; employment; value added

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