PENGARUH ACTIVE CYCLE OF BREATHING TECHNIQUE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NILAI VEP1, JUMLAH SPUTUM, DAN MOBILISASI SANGKAR THORAKS PASIEN PPOK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/ijnp.v1i2.3437Keywords:
Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT), Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik, Bersihan Jalan Napas, Ekspansi Toraks, VEP1.Abstract
ABSTRAK
Salah satu bagian integral dari manajemen COPD adalah membersihkan jalan nafas untuk mengatasi gejala klinis seperti produksi sputum dan sesak napas yang menyebabkan penurunan VEP1, produksi sputum yang berlebihan, dan terganggunya mobilisasi toraks. Perawat dapat membantu pasien PPOK untuk memulihkan kondisi fisiknya dan memperbaiki pola nafasnya dengan memutus mata rantai keluhan yang ada dengan Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ACBT terhadap peningkatan nilai VEP1, pengurangan jumlah volume sputum, dan peningkatan mobilisasi sangkar toraks pada penderita PPOK. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan pre–post test with control group design. Sebanyak 30 orang pasien dibagi kedalam 2 kelompok yaitu 15 responden untuk kelompok intervensi dan 15 responden untuk kelompok kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji t-test. Kelompok intervensi diberikan terapi ACBT dan farmakologi dan kelompok kontrol hanya diberikan terapi farmakologi. ACBT memberikan pengaruh yang bermakna terhadap jumlah sputum dan ekspansi toraks pada kelompok intervensi daripada kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p = 0,026 untuk jumlah sputum dan p = 0,004 untuk ekspansi toraks, sedangkan pada nilai VEP1, ACBT tidak memberikan pengaruh yang bermakna dengan nilai p = 0,058. Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) efektif dalam membantu pengeluaran sputum dan meningkatkan ekspansi toraks pasien PPOK, tetapi kurang efektif dalam meningkatkan nilai VEP1.
ABSTRACT
Airway clearance is an integral part of the management of COPD to cope clinical symptoms such as sputum production and shortness of breath that causes impairment VEP1, excessive sputum production, and impaired toraks mobilization. Nurses can help COPD patients to break the chain of the existing complaint with the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ACBT in increasing VEP1, reducing amount of sputum, and increasing mobilization of the thoracic cage in COPD patients. This is a Quasi Experimental study with pre-post test with control group design. The 30 participants were divided into experimental group (15 subjects) and control group (15 subjects) by using quota sampling. The experimental group received ACBT and pharmacological therapy and the control group just received pharmacological therapy. Result findings show that ACBT give a significant effect on the amount of sputum and thoracic expansion in the intervention group than the control group, with p = 0.026 and p = 0.004 respectively, while for the value of VEP1, ACBT not provide significant effect with p = 0.058. ACBT effective in helping expenditures sputum and increasing thoracic expansion COPD patients, but less effective in enhancing the VEP1.
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