Pengaruh Arus dan Tegangan Pengelasan SMAW Baja Karbon Rendah Grade A dan Baja Karbon Rendah Grade B terhadap Sifat Mekanik

Muizzaddin Waaddulloh, Sulardjaka Sulardjaka, Gunawan Dwi Haryadi

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti pengaruh arus dan tegangan terhadap kekuatan tarik, kekuatan impak, kekerasan dan struktur mikro pada hasil pengelasan baja A242 dan baja A588. Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan elektrode E7016 DC+ polaritas terbalik dan elektrode AWS A5.1 tipe RD 260 diameter 3.2 mm dengan variasi arus pengelasan: 60A, 120A, dan 180A, serta variasi tegangan pengelasan: 20,30 dan 40 dengan kecepatan 50 [mm/min]. Jenis kampuh sambungan yang digunakan yaitu single “V” Groove sudut 60º. Pengujian tarik dilakukan berdasarkan standar ASTM E 8M-04, standar pengujian impak berdasarkan ASTM E23, standar pengujian struktur mikro berdasarkan ASTM E407, dan untuk standar pengujian kekerasan mikro vikers berdasarkan ASTM E92. Setelah melakukan pengujian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa menggunakan variabel arus dan tegangan yang besar sangat memengaruhi dari hasil nilai kekuatan Tarik dan pengujian impak. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh faktor adanya perbedaan dalam metode pengelasan dan panas yang diterima (heat input), sehingga memiliki struktur mikro yang berbeda pula. Hasil pengujian struktur mikro juga menghasilkan struktur ferit, pearlit dan juga memperlebar butiran las pada daerah weld metal.


Keywords


impact strength; tensile strength; micro structure; micro hardness of vikers

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.v4i2.11450

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