Biokomposit Papan Partikel diperkuat Serat Alam Sabut Kelapa dan Tempurung Kelapa dan matriks epoksi

Delovita Ginting, Romi Fadli Syahputra, Wirdatul Jannah

Abstract


Papan partikel serat alami (biokomposit) dapat dijadikan alternatif pengganti material konvensional karena ramah lingkungan, sumber terbarukan dan sifatnya yang dapat terurai secara alami. Penelitian ini menyajikan studi tentang karakterisasi mekanik dan fisis papan partikel polimer diperkuat serat alam yaitu sabut kelapa dan tempurung kelapa. Variabel tetap dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah fraksi matriks yaitu resin eposki. Variabel fraksi massa penyusun papan partikel dalam penelitian ini yaitu sabut kelapa:tempurung kelapa :epoksi adalah PP1 (30:0:70), PP2 (22,5:7,5:70), PP3 (15:15:70), PP4 (7,5:22,5:70), dan PP5 (0:30:70). Papan partikel diuji kelenturannya menggunakan mesin Universal Testing Machine mengacu pada ASTM D 7-90-03, ketangguhan impak sampel menggunakan mesin Impact Tester mengacu pada ASTM D 6110. Sampel diuji kerapatan dan pengembangan tebalnya mengacu SNI 03-2105-2006. Hasil pengujian sampel menunjukkan nilai kerapatan optimum pada sampel PP3 yaitu sebesar 1,05 g/cm3 dengan sampel diperkuat sabut kelapa dan tempurung kelapa. Hasil pengujian nilai uji ketangguhan impak optimum pada sampel PP5 yaitu sebesar 3.20 J/cm2 dan hasil pengujian nilai uji kuat lentur optimum pada sampel PP5 yaitu 382,29 Kgf/cm2 dengan sampel diperkuat tempurung kelapa.

 

Natural fiber particle board (biocomposite) can be used as an alternative to conventional materials because it is environmentally friendly, a renewable source and is naturally biodegradable. This research presents a study on the mechanical and physical characterization of natural fiber reinforced polymer particle board, namely coconut coir and coconut shell. The fixed variable in this study was the number of matrix fractions, namely epoch resin. The variable mass fraction of the particle board in this study was coconut coir:coconut shell:epoxy was PP1 (30:0:70), PP2 (22,5:7,5:70), PP3 (15:15:70), PP4 (7,5:22,5:70), and PP5 (0:30:70). Particle board was tested for flexibility using the Universal Testing Machine referring to ASTM D 7-90-03, the impact toughness of the samples using the Impact Tester machine referring to ASTM D 6110. The samples were tested for density and thickness expansion referring to SNI 03-2105-2006. The results of the sample testing showed that the optimum density value for the PP3 sample was 1.05 g/cm3 for the reinforced coconut coir and coconut shell samples. The test results for the optimum impact toughness test value on the PP5 sample were 3.20 J/cm2 and the test results for the optimum flexural strength test value on the PP5 sample were 382.29 Kgf/cm2 with the coconut shell reinforced sample.


Keywords


Coconut Coir; Coconut Shell; Particle Board Biocomposite; Natural Fiber Filler

Full Text:

PDF

References


William T. Y. Tze, Douglas J. Gardner, Carl P. Tripp, Shane C. O'Neill. "Cellulose fiber/polymer adhesion: effects of fiber/matrix interfacial chemistry on the micromechanics of the interphase," Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, vol.20 , no.15 , pp. 1649-1668, 2006. doi.org/10.1163/156856106779024427

K Palani Kumar, D Keshavan , Elango Natarajan , Arvind Narayan, K Ashok Kumar, M Deepak, Lidio Inacio Freitas. "Evaluation of mechanical properties of coconut flower cover fibre-reinforced polymer composites for industrial applications," Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling, vol.37 , no.1 , pp. 3-18, 2021.doi.org/10.1177/1477760619895011

R.Muthuraj, M.Misra, A.K.Mohanty, "Biocomposites Design and Mechanical Performance,", 2015.

Olgun Güven, Sergio N. Monteiro, Esperidiana A. B. Moura & Jaroslaw W. Drelich. "Re-Emerging Field of Lignocellulosic Fiber – Polymer Composites and Ionizing Radiation Technology in their Formulation," Polymer Reviews, vol.56, no.4 , pp. 702-736, 2016. doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2016.1176037

Delovita Ginting, Rekan Nuansa Fitri. "Efek Sintesis Silane Coupling Agent pada Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Komposit dengan Pengisi Serbuk Kenaf dan resin Epoksi," Jurnal Fisika dan Terpannya, vol.8 , no.2 , 40-47, 2021. doi.org/10.24252/jft.v8i2.25316

R. Siv, B. Kesavaram, J. Jones Martin, G. Mathiselvan, Kaja Bantha Navas, M. Sangeetha. "Mechanical behavior of sisal and banana fiber reinforced hybrid epoxy composites," Proceedings : Materials Today, 2021, vol.44 , pp. 3692-3696.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.805

Siva, Shyam Sundar Reddy Nemali, Siva Kishore kunchapu, K. Gokul, T. Arun kumar. "Comparison of Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Test on Injection Molding and Extrusion - Injection Molding Thermoplastic Hemp Fiber Composite," Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, vol.47 , pp. 4382-4386.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.189

T. Srinivasan, G. Suresh, Karjala Santhoshpriya , C.T. Chidambaram, K.R. Vijayakumar, A. Abdul Munaf. "Experimental analysis on mechanical properties of banana fibre/epoxy (particulate) reinforced composite," Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, vol.45 , pp. 1285-1289. doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.103

Statistik, Badan Pusat. Statistik Kelapa Sawit Indonesia 2021. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik, 2022.

Abraham, Akhila Rajan T. Emilia. "Coir Fiber–Process and Opportunities," Journal of Natural Fibers, vol.4 , no.1 , pp. 29-41, 2015. doi.org/10.1300/J395v04n01_01

J. Olumuyiwa Agunsoye, Talabi S. Isaac, Sanni O. Samuel. "Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Coconut Shell Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite," Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, vol.11 , no.8 , pp. 774-779. 2012. doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2012.118065

L.S Kuburi, M. Dauda, D.O Obada, S. Umaru, D. Dodoo Asrhin, I. Iliyasu, M.B Balogun, S.Mutapha. "Effects of Coir Fiber Loading on the Physio-mechanical and Morphological Properties of Coconut Shell Powder Filled Low Density Polyethylene Composites," Procedia Manufacturing, 2017, vol.7 , pp. 138-144. doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.036

Bai, Jiping. "Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications,". Cambridge: woodhead publishing,2013.

Ajith Gopinath, SenthilKumar M , Avinash Babu. "Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Polyester and Epoxy Resin Matrices Reinforced with Jute, E-glass and coconut Fiber." Material Today : Proceeding, 2018, vol.5, no.9 , pp. 20092–20103. doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.376

Nasional, Badan Standardisasi. Papan Partikel. 2006.

ASTM, Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials D 790–03. 2003,

ASTM, Standard Test Method for Determining the Charpy Impact Resistance of Notched Specimens of Plastics 6110–10. 2010,

Fu, S.Y., Lauke, B., Mader, E., Yue, C. Y. and Hu, X. "Tensile properties of short-glass-fiber-and short-carbon-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites," Applied Science and manufacturing, vol.31 ,no.10 , pp. 1117-1125, 2000. doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(00)00068-3

N. Saba, M.T. Paridah , K. Abdan , N.A. Ibrahim. "Dynamic mechanical properties of oil palm nano filler/kenaf/epoxy hybrid nano composites," Construction and Building Materials, vol.1787 , no.1 , pp. 133-138. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.059

Praveenkumara Jagadeesh, Madhu Puttegowda, Pawinee Boonyasopon, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Anish Khan, Suchart Siengchin "Recent developments and challenges in natural fiber composites: A review," Polymer Composites, vol.43 , no.5 , pp. 2545-2561, 2022. doi.org/10.1002/pc.26619

V Fiore, A Valenza. Advanced fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications: 5. Epoxy resins as a matrix material in advanced fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, 2013. doi.org/10.1533/9780857098641.1.88

Hua Ren, Jianzhong Sun, Qian Zhao, Qiyun Zhou, Qincai Ling. "Synthesis and characterization of a novel heat resistant epoxy resin based on N,N′-bis(5-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)pyromellitic diimide." Polymer, bol.49, n024, pp. 5249-5253, 2008. doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.047

N. Saba, M.T. Paridah , K. Abdan , N.A. Ibrahim, ,. "Effect of oil palm nano filler on mechanical and morphological properties of kenaf reinforced epoxy composites." Construction and Building Materials, vol.123, pp. 5–26, 2016. doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.06.131




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.v7i1.18375

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

Editorial Office :

JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur)

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Jl. Brawijaya Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul 55183 Indonesia

Email: jmpm@umy.ac.id

Telp/Fax: (62)274-387656    

Whatsapp: 085642095827