Pengaruh Sudut Kemiringan Tool Friction Stir Welding terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro pada Sambungan Plat AA5083
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sudut kemiringan tool pada proses friction stir welding (FSW) terhadap sifat mekanik dan struktur mikro sambungan las pelat aluminium sheet 5083. Pengelasan menggunakan mesin milling dan material welding tool dari jenis Bohler K100 dengan kekerasan 59HRc. Proses pengelasan ini memiliki kecepatan putar spindle 1125 rpm, kecepatan pengelasan 30 mm/menit, dan kedalaman pembenaman tool 3,9 mm. Variasi sudut kemiringan tool terdiri dari 1°, 2°, 3° dan 4°. Pengujian spesimen dengan uji tarik, uji tekuk, uji kekerasan dan pengamatan secara makro dan mikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kekuatan tarik tertinggi (312,5MPa ) pada sudut kemiringan 3°. Kekuatan tekuk uji face bending tertinggi (655,1MPa ) dan root bending tertinggi (651,8MPa ) pada sudut kemiringan 2°. Daerah retreating side rata-rata mempunyai kekerasan yang lebih tinggi dibanding advancing side. Sudut kemiringan tool sampai 3° meningkatkan kekuatan tarik dan di atas sudut tersebut membuat kekuatan tarik menurun, sedangkan nilai kekuatan tekuk optimal terjadi pada sudut 2°. Pada foto mikro, semakin besar sudut kemiringan tool membuat ukuran butir pada daerah HAZ semakin besar tetapi tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap nugget.
Abstract
This research aims to study he effect of tool tilt angle of friction stir welding (FSW) process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 5083 aluminum plate weld joints. The welding used a milling machine and welding tool material is from the Bohler K100 type possessing 59HRc hardness. This welding used spindle rotational speed of 1125 rpm, welding speed of 30 mm/minute, and tool immersion depth of 3.9 mm. The variations of tool tilt angle are 1°, 2°, 3° and 4°. The specimens were tested tension, bending, hardness, as well as macron and microstructure observations. The results showed the highest tensile strength (312.5MPa) was obtained at a slope of 3°. The highest bending strength of the face bending test (655,1MPa) and the highest root bending (651,8MPa)are at a slope angle of 2°. The average retreating side area has higher hardness than the advancing side does. The increase of tilt angle up to 3° increases the tensile strength and futher increase makes tensile strength decrease, while the optimum buckling strength obtained at an angle of 2°. Photo micrograph shows that the larger the angle of the tool makes the grain size in the HAZ area coarser but not too influential on the nugget.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.2225
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