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Peran Imunisasi dalam Pencegahan Hepatitis B pada Pegawai Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Abstract
The purpose this research is to know endemicity level and prevention hepatitis B. This is a descriptif observational research. Subjects are 87 Medical Faculty of UMY employee. Screening to HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc are performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and investigating about history of ilness and imunisation of hepatitis B by questionnaire. The result showed that one case positive HBsAg (1,1%) included as low endemicity and not found clinical manifestasion. The history showed that 14 person (16 %) have performed hepatitis B immunization, and 73 person (74 %) have never done. Six subject (43%) immunizationed showed positive anti-HBs with low titer. Hepatitis B history are experienced by two person (2,3%), and they have been health based on clinic and laboratory. One of them has anti-HBc negative. Anti-HBs examination showed 18 (21%) positively, 6 person (33%) have immunization history and 12person (67%) are never. There are 8person who have immunization history are negative anti-HBs. Anti-HBc examination showed that 25person (29%) positively, only one person (4%) has hepatitis B illness history and 24person (96%) have no illness history. Concluded that hepatitis endemicity in Medical Faculty UMY is low.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat endemisitas dan upaya pencegahan Hepatitis B di FK UMY. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional deskriftif. Sampel penelitian adalah 87 pegawai Fakultas Kedokteran UMY. Skrining HBsAg, Anti HBs dan Anti HBc dilakukan dengan metode enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay {ELISA), riwayat sakit dan imunisasi hepatitis B dilacak dengan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat satu kasus HBsAg positip (1,1%) sehingga termasuk endemis rendah dan anamnesanya menunjukkan tidak ada gejala klinis. Riwayat menunjukkan 14 orang (16%) pernah melakukan imunisasi hepatitis B lengkap dan 73 orang (74%) tidak pernah divaksin. Enam orang (43%) dari yang melakukan imunisasi, memiliki anti-HBs positip dengan titer rendah. Riwayat pernah mengalami sakit hepatitis B terjadi pada 2 orang (2,3%) dan telah sembuh secara klinis dan laboratorik. Salah satu subyek dengan riwayat sakit hepatitis B memiliki hasil anti- HBc negatif. Pemeriksaan anti-HBs menunjukkan 18 orang (21%) positip, 6 orang (33%) diantaranya memiliki riwayat imunisasi dan 12 orang (67%) tidak pernah imunisasi. Delapan orang dengan riwayat imunisasi memiliki anti-HBs negatif. Pemeriksaan anti-HBc menunjukkan 25 orang (29%) positip, 1 orang (4%) diantaranya memiliki riwayat sakit hepatitis B, dan 24 orang (96%) tidak memiliki riwayat sakit hepatitis B. Disimpulkan bahwa endemisitas Hepatitis B di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta rendah.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v9i2%20(s).1608
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