Efektivitas Antibakteri Infusa Kunyit Asam dan Jamu Kemasan terhadap Kuman Penyebab Diare secara In Vitro
Keywords:
infusa, jamu, antibakteri, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholerae, infusion, herbal medicine, antibacterialAbstract
Most people consume liquid herbal medicine known as kunyit asam and powder (package) herbal medicine that contains guava leaf extract (Psidii folium), tumeric rhizome (Curcuma domesticate rhizome), jali seeds (Coicis Semen), mojokeling fruit (Chebulae fructus), pomegranate peel (Granati Pericarpium). Those ingredients had been known to treat dysentery and chronic diarrhea, because containing tanin, astringent, flavonoid, fenol, alkaloid, atsiri oil, and vitamin C. This research is done to know the antibacterial effectiveness of kunyit asam infusion and herbal package medicine to various germ of diarrhea cause, like Escherichia coli, Shigella Dysenteriae, and Vibrio cholerae. The antibacterial activity determined by amount MIC and MBC applying Tube Dilution Method. The research bacterials are Escherichia coli strain ATCC 25922, Shigella Dysenteriae 2a 1992/2/Belgia, Vibrio Cholerae 011986/1/2/Belgia. The result of research of antibacterial effectiveness show us that kunyit asam infusion unable to inhibit and kill the Escherichia coli by MIC and MBC > 75 gr%. While kunyit asam infusion able to inhibit and kill the Shigella dysenteriae by MIC and MBC 4,3 gr% and 5,5 gr%, Vibrio Cholerae by MIC and MBC 1,4 gr% and 2,734 gr%. Herbal package medicine able to inhibit Escherichia coli by MIC 30 gr%, Shigella Dysenteriae by MIC and MBC 15 gr% and 30 gr%, Vibrio Cholerae by MIC andMBC 0,003 gr% and 0,004gr%. The conclusion from the result of the research were the infusion of kunyit asam and herbal package medicine. Efective to kill the Shigella dysenteriae and Vibrio cholerae, but there is no antibacterial effect to Escherichia coli.
Masyarakat sering mengkonsumsi jamu kunyit asam sertajamu kemasan yang mengandung ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidii folium), rimpang kunyit (Curcumadomesticate rhizome), biji jali (CoicisSemen), Buah mojokeling (Chebulae fructus), kulit buah delima (GranatiPericarpium). Bahan ini sudah lama dikenal untuk mengobati penyakit disentri dan diare kronik, karena mengandung tanin, astringent, flavonoid, fenol, alkaloid, minyak astiri, dan vitamin C. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri infusa kunyit asam dan jamu kemasan terhadap berbagai kuman penyebab diare, seperti Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, dan Vibrio cholerae. Aktivitas antibakteri ditentukan dengan menghitung Kadar Hambat Minimal (KHM) dan Kadar Bunuh Minimal (KBM) dengan metode seri pengenceran tabung (Tube Dilution Method). Bakteri uji yang digunakan meliputi Escherichia coli strain ATCC 25922, Shigella dysenteriae 2a 1992/2/Belgia, Vibrio cholerae 01 1986/1/2/Belgia. Hasil penelitian efektivitas antibakteri menunjukan bahwa infusa kunyit asam tidak mampu menghambat dan membunuh Escherichia coli dengan KHM dan KBM > 75 gr%. Infusa kunyit asam mampu menghambat dan membunuh Shigella dysenteriae dengan KHM dan KBM 4,3 gr% dan 5,5 gr%, Vibrio cholerae dengan KHM dan KBM 1,4 gr% dan 2,734 gr%. Jamu kemasan mampu menghambat Escherichia coli dengan KHM 30 gr%, Shigella dysenteriae dengan KHM dan KBM sebesar 15 gr% dan 30 gr%, Vibrio cholerae dengan KHM dan KBM sebesar 0,003 gr% dan 0,004 gr%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa infusa kunyit asam dan jamu kemasan efektif membunuh Shigella dysenteriae dan Vibrio cholerae, tidak punya efek antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli.
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