Pengaruh Konsumsi Fastfood Terhadap Obesitas Anak Sekolah Dasar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v7i2.1669Keywords:
elementary school children, fast food, obesity, anak sekolah dasar, obesitasAbstract
Obesitas adalah kelebihan akumulasi lemak dalam tubuh manusia. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi obesitas antara lain frekuensi konsumsi fastfood yang berlebihan, asupan makanan jajanan, status sosial ekonomi, aktifitas fisik dan perilaku aktivitas fisik yang tidak banyak bergerak sehari-hari. Prevalensi obesitas meningkat dari tahun ke tahun baik di negara maju maupun negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, yang disebabkan oleh adanya perubahan gaya hidup dan kebiasaan makan. Pola makan di kota-kota besar telah bergeser dari pola makan tradisional ke pola makan barat yang dapat menimbulkan mutu gizi yang tidak seimbang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsifastfood terhadap obesitas anak SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian case control.. Lokasi penelitian di SDN 1 Sleman dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2007. Populasi penelitian ini adalah sejumlah siswa kelas 5 yang bersekolah di SDN 1 Sleman. Alat ukur penelitian berupa kuesioner sebagai pedoman untuk wawancara. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna (p e” 0,05) pada umur (p = 0.666), jenis kelamin (p = 0,464), merasa gemuk (p = 0,536), takut gemuk (p = 0,079), serta usaha mengurangi konsumsifastfood (p = 1,00) untuk mencegah obesitas. Perbedaan yang bermakna (p d” 0,05) didiapatkan pada konsumsi fastfood (p = 0,002), aktivitas fisik (p = 0,014), aktivitas diam (p = 0,021), dan tingkat pendapatan keluarga (p = 0,026). Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna untuk tingkat konsumsi fastfood, aktivitas fisik, aktivitas diam dan tingkat pendapatan keluarga, sedangkan untuk umur, jenis kelamin, dan variabel lain tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna
Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat inside human body. May factors influence obesity namely high frequency of fast food consumption, snacks intake, social economic status, physical activities and sedentary lifestyle. Obesity prevalence has been increasing every year in developed and developing countries including Indonesia; this is influenced by the change of lifestyle and eating habits. Dietary consumption in big cities has shifted from traditional to western pattern, which can cause imbalance quality of nutrients. This research aimed to identifying the influence of fast food consumption and other related factors on obesity in elementary school children. This research was an analytic observational study using case control research design. Research location was in Sekolah Dasar Negeri SDN 1 Sleman; and it was conducted in June 2007. Research subjects were 30 fifth-grade students in SDN 1 Sleman. Research tool used was a questionnaire as an interview guide. Data was analyzed using chi-square test. The research results showed no significant differences (p e” 0.5) on age (p = 0.666), sex (p = 0.464), fat self-perception (p = 0.536), fear of being fat (p = 0.079), and effort to decrease fast food consumption to prevent obesity (p = 1.00). Significant differences (p = 0.05) were found in fast-food consumption (p = 0.002), physical activities (p = 0.014), sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.021) and family income (p = 0.026). There were significant differences in fast food consumption, physical activities, sedentary lifestyle and family income; meanwhile, age, sex, and other factors showed no significant differences.
References
Ginanjar, Genis. Klinik Sehat: Kegemukan dan Obesitas. Http:// us.click.yahoo.com/a.ZmA/FpQLAA/ HwkMAA/4t WO 1B/TM. Tanggal Akses 5 Desember 2005.
Huriyati, Emy. 2003. Aktivitas Fisik Remaja di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul serta peran Aktivitas Fisik Menyumbang Terhadap Kejadian Obesitas. Tesis. Yogyakarta.
Nurkhalida, Raden Endah. 2005. Beberapa Faktor yang berperan terhadap kejadian Obesitas pada Siswa SLTP Yos Sudarso Kerawang Jawa Barat. Tesis. Yogyakarta.
Padmiatri Ida Ayu Eka, Hadi Hamam. Konsumsi fast food sebagai factor resiko obesitas pada anak SD. Avail¬able from URL: Hiperlink http:// www.tempo.co.id/medika/online/ tmp.online.old/art-3.htm.
Ross and Pate. 1987. Childhood Obe¬sity . http;/www. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ obesity. Tanggal Akses 5 Desember 2005.
Soedibyo,Soepardi., Meilany, Tinuk (2006). Factors Influencing Obesity on School-Aged Children. Journal Medika Indonesia., 15 (1), 43-54.
Soetjiningsih. 1995. Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Jakarta; EGC.
Usman, Itawahyuni. 2005. Perbedaan Sosial Ekonomi dan Status Gizi Orang Tua pada Anak Obesitas dan tidak Obesitas di SD lempuyangwangi, Yogyakarta. SkripsiYogyakarta
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright
Authors retain copyright and grant Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan (MMJKK) the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to remix, adapt and build upon the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and of the initial publication in Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan (MMJKK).
Authors are permitted to copy and redistribute the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan (MMJKK).
License
Articles published in the Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan (MMJKK) are licensed under an Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
This license is acceptable for Free Cultural Works. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.