Pengaruh Rifampisin terhadap Lama Hidup Mencit Terinfeksi Plasmodium berghei

Sri Sundari

Abstract


Malaria is one among the most important public health problems in tropi¬cal countries like Indonesia. Several actions have been taken to overcome this problem, however its prevalence is still high. Parasite resistance to chlo- roquine and vector resistance to insecticide are the major constraint in deal¬ing with malaria. To provide an alternative treatment which are highly effications, safe, and widely available i.e antibiotics is one among the alternatives and has been used since a long time . One of the antibiotic used is rifampicyn. This study is assessing the effect of rifampicyn to the longevity of Swiss mice infected by Plasmodium berghei. The subjects are fifteen female mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei. All of them divided into three groups, positive controle, negative controle and experiment group . The experiment groups were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 5 mice wich were treated with rifampicyn 100 mg/kg BW, rifampicyn 200 mg/kg BW and rifampicyn 300 mg/kg BW. Another 2 control groups were given 0,5 ml aquadest per mice, and chloroquine 25 mg/kg BW. All of drugs given twice daily for 5 days. The degree of parasitemia were examined daily using thin blood smears up to death from the inoculation and were analyzed by log-probit method. The longevity of mice was analyzed using anava method. The study showed that rifampicyn 300 mg/kg BW cured Plasmodium berghei infection in Swiss mice (p<0,01) and rifampicyn 200 mg/kg BW gave for longer life (p<0,05). Effective dosage 50 of rifampicyne is 13,533 mg/kg BW.

Malaria merupakan salah satu yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di icgara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Beberapa tindakan telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tetapi prevalesinya masih tetap tinggi. Resistensi parasit Terhadap klorokuin dan resistensi vektor terhadap insektisida merupakan faktor penyebabnya. Salah satu pilihan pengobatan dalam mengatasi resistensi yang memiliki efikasi tinggi, aman dan sudah digunakan secara luas adalah menggunakan iztibiotika. Salah satu antibiotika yang dapat digunakan adalah Rifampisin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek rifampisin terhadap lama hidup mencit Swiss yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 15 ekor mencit Swiss betina yang diinokulasi dengan Plasmodium berghei. Subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu kontrol positif, kontrol negatif dan kelompok percobaan. Kelompok percobaan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yang masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor yang diberikan pengobatan Rifampisin 100 mg/ kg BB, 200 mg/kg BB, dan 300 mg/kg BB. Dua kelompok yang lain masing-masing diberikan 0,5 ml akuades dan klorokuin 25 mg/kg BB. Pengobatan diberikan 2x/hari selama 5 hari. Pemeriksaan angka parasitemia dilakukan setiap hari dengan pemeriksaan apusan darah tipis. Lama hidup mencit dianalisis dengan Anava dan ED50 menggunakan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rifampisin 300 mg/kg Bb dapat menyembuhkan mencit Swiss dari infeksi (p<0,01), rifampisin 200 mg/kg Bb memperlama hidup mencit (p<0,05). EDS0 rifampisin adalah 13,533 mg/kg BB.


Keywords


Rifampicyn; inhibition; Plasmodium berghei; Rifampicyn; inhibition; Plasmodium berghei

Full Text:

PDF

References


Simanjuntak C.H. dan Arbani P.R. 1989. Status malaria di Indonesia. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran. 55:3-7.

Sungkar S. dan Pribadi W. 1992. Resistensi Plasmodium falciparum terhadap obat obat malaria. Maj. Kedok. Indon. 42(3): 155-63.

Tjitra E., Gunawan S., Laihad F., Marwoto H., Sulaksono S., Arjoso S., Ritchi T.L. and Manurung N., 1997. Evaluation of malaria drugs in Indonesia 1981-1995. BulPenelit. Kesehat. 259l):28-53.

Freerksen E., Kanthunkumva E.W. and Kholowa A.R. 1995. Malaria therapy and prophylaxis with cotrifazid, a multiple complex combination consisting of rifampicin + isoniazid + sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim. Chemotherapy. 41(5): 396-8.

Freerksen E., Kanthunkumva E. W.and Kholowa A.R. 1996. Cotrifazid an agent against malaria. Chemotherapy. 42 (6): 391 -401.

Gingras B.A. and Jensen J.B. 1993. Antimalarial activity of azithromycin and erithromycin against Plasmodium berghei. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 49(2): 101-5.

KremsnerP.G., 1990. Clindamycin in malaria treatment. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 25:9-14.

Kremsner, P.G, Radloff, P., Metzger, W., Wildling, E., Mordmuller, B., Philipps, J., jenne, L., Nkeyi, M., Prada, J. and Bicnzle, U., et al. 1995. Quinine plus clindamicyne improves chemo-therapy of severe malaria in children. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. Jul: 39(7): 1603-5

Gilman A.G., Rail T.W., Nice A.S and Taylor P., 1992. The Pharmacological Basic of Therapeu¬tics. 8* ed. McGraw Hill. International Editions. New York

Strath M., Finnigan S.T., Gardner M., Williamsons D. and Wilson 1.1993. Antimalarial activity of rifampicin in vitro and in rodent models. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 87(2): 211-6

Alger A., Me Greevy P., Schuster B.G., Wesche D., Kuschner R. and Ohrt C. 1995. Activity of azithromycin as a blood schizonticide against rodent and human plasmodia in vivo. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 52(2): 159-61.

Smilack, J.D., Wilson, W. and Cockerill, F.R., 1991. Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, erythromycine, clidamycine, and metronidazole. Mayo Clinic Proceeding. 66:1270-80.

WHO, 2000. Malaria Control. WHO Plan of Action 2000-2001, Wolrd Health Organization Representative to Indonesia. Internet.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v4i1.1713

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


      

Editorial Office:
Journal Room, G1 (Biomedic) Building, Ground Floor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 
Jalan Lingkar Selatan (Brawijaya), Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 387 656 (ext: 231)
WA : +62 811-2650-303
Website: http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm 
E-mail: mmjkk@umy.university

Creative Commons License
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. View My Stats