Antraks Pulmoner dan Bioterorisme Pulmonary Anthrax and Bioterorism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v5i2.1876Keywords:
Bioterorisme, antraks paru, Bioterrorism, Bacillus anthracis, pulmonary anthraxAbstract
Anthrax is zoonotic disease, which is caused by Bacillus antracis. Bacilllus anthracis has very small spores, which has long been considered a potential biological weapon since world war I.Type of anthrax based on clinical manifesatation are divided into three types : cutaneous anthrax, gastrointestinal anthrax and pulmonary anthrax. Pulmonary anthrax has the worst prognosis. As potential for biological weapon mortality rate reaches 100 % of all victim during 24 hours .
Sign and symtomps of pulmonary anthrax are divided into two stages. Prevention and therapy of pulmonary anthrax is effective before stage two as well as decrease the mortality.
Antraks merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh Bacillus antracis. Bacillus anthracis, sudah lama digunakan sebagai senjata biologi sejak perang dunia I. Bacillus anthracis mempunyai ukuran spora yang sangat kecil dan sangat efektif sebagai senjata biologi.
Berdasar tempat masuk spora, penyakit antraks terbagi atas 3 jenis yaitu. Antraks kulit (cutaneous anthrax), antraks pencernaan {gastrointestinal anthrax), dan antraks paru- paru (pulmonary anthrax). Pulmonary anthrax merupakan anthraks yang paling berbahaya karena angka mortalitas mencapai 100%. Pulmonary anthrax paling potensial digunakan sebagai senjata biologi karena bisa mematikan dalam waktu 24 jam dengan korban banyak.
Gejala dan tanda pulmonary anthrax terbagi menjadi dua stadium. Prevensi dan pengobatan dengan vaksinasi dan antibiotik sebelum mencapai stadium dua akan menurunkan angka mortalitas.
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