Penatalaksanaan Kausatif untuk Memperbaiki Fungsi Ginjal Penderita Myeloma Multiple
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v17i1.3683Keywords:
multiple myeloma, myeloma kidney, Durie-Salmon, , Glomerulus Filtration Rate, mieloma multipel, ginjal mielomaAbstract
Gangguan fungsi ginjal adalah salah satu komplikasi pada myeloma multiple (MM), suatu keganasan sel plasma. Penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus/Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR) terjadi hingga 50% pasien baru terdiagnosa MM dan 9% memerlukan dialysis. Gagal ginjal penderita MM disebut ginjal myeloma dengan penyebab kompleks, akibat langsung maupun tidak langsung dari MM serta dari pengobatan keluhan MM. Laporan ini memaparkan pengelolaan kasus MM dengan faktor penyulit gangguan fungsi ginjal. Lakilaki 48 tahun dengan keluhan utama nyeri punggung sejak satu bulan, didiagnosa mieloma multipel disertai komplikasi ginjal mieloma. Kriteria Durie dan Salmon tingkat penyakit Stadium IIIB. Penatalaksanaan kausatif dengan regimen melphalan dan prednison, khemoterapi konvensional untuk MM. Regimen kemoterapi kombinasi tidak dipilih karena pertimbangan gangguan fungsi ginjal. Penatalaksanaan penurunan fungsi ginjal dengan memperbaiki status hidrasi, menghentikan pemberian obat nefrotoksik dan pemberian diet cukup protein. Terapi pendukung pemberian Bonefos untuk memperlambat proses osteolitik. Anemia diawal perawatan (Hb: 6 g/dL) diperbaiki dengan transfusi Packet Red Cell. Pasien dirawat 21 hari, menjalani satu kali khemoterapi terjadi perbaikan fungsi ginjal, diawal perawatan GFR: 18.45 mL/min menjadi 26.72 mL/min diakhir perawatan. Pasien direncanakan khemoterapi 6 seri interval 28 hari. Penatalaksanaan kausatif kasus ini memberikan hasil yang baik, keluhan nyeri dirasakan sudah sangat berkurang dan fungsi ginjal relatif membaik.References
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