Hubungan Kadar Ekskresi Yodium Urin Ibu Menyusui dengan Perkembangan Bayi Usia Bawah 2 Tahun di Daerah Endemik GAKY

Abstract

Gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY) pada bayi berdampak menghambat proses tumbuh kembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar ekskresi yodium urin (EYU) ibu menyusui dengan perkembangan bayi usia dibawah dua tahun di daerah endemik GAKY. Penelitian ini bersifat observational dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi berusia dibawah dua tahun. Kadar EYU diukur dengan menggunakan Ammonium Persulfat Dry Digestion dan Perkembangan bayi dinilai dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP). Kadar median EYU ibu kemudian dikorelasikan dengan status perkembangan bayi, menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar EYU ibu optimal (173,5 ppm). Sebanyak sembilan ibu (30%) memiliki status EYU optimal, namun status perkembangan bayi dengan kategori meragukan sebanyak 12 bayi (40%). Hasil uji korelasi antara kadar EYU ibu dengan status perkembangan bayi menunjukkan p = 0,428; r = 0,150. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar EYU ibu menyusui dengan status perkembangan bayi usia dibawah dua tahun.

Disorders due to iodine deficiency (GAKY) in infants have an effect inhibit the growth and development processes. This study aims to determine the relationship of urinary iodine excretion (UIE) of breastfeeding mothers with the development of infants aged under two years in the endemic areas of GAKY. This research is observational with cross sectional design. The sample was 30 breastfeeding mothers with babies under two years old. Urinary iodine excretion levels were measured using Dry Digestion Ammonium Persulfate and Infant Development were assessed using a Pre-Screening Appraisal Questionnaire (KPSP). The maternal UIE median level was then correlated with the infant’s developmental status, using the Spearman test. The results showed that the mother’s UIE level was optimal (173,5 ppm). There were nine mothers (30%) had optimal UIE status, but infant development status in the dubious category of 12 (40%). Result of correlation test between mother UIE level with infant development status showed p = 0,428; r = 0.150. It was concluded that there was no significant association between UIE of breastfeeding mothers and developmental status of infants aged under two years.