Financial Technology Peer to Peer dan Kredit Perbankan: Kompetisi atau Kolaborasi?
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Financial Technology Peer to Peer (Fintech P2P) merupakan salah satu inovasi sektor keuangan yang berkembang pesat sehingga berpotensi untuk mengganggu industri perbankan. Industri perbankan memiliki peran penting untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, salah satunya melalui perkembangan UMKM dari segi aspek pendanaan. Namun, industri perbankan cenderung memberikan kredit kepada non-UMKM atau perusahaan-perusahaan yang sudah mapan di pasar.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh outstanding P2P terhadap kredit perbankan UMKM dan non-UMKM di pulau Jawa dan di luar pulau Jawa.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan regresi data panel dimana data sekunder yang digunakan diperoleh dari laporan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dari Januari 2022 hingga Desember 2022 untuk 33 provinsi di Indonesia dengan total 396 observasi.
Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa outstanding P2P tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kredit perbankan non-UMKM di pulau Jawa dan di luar pulau Jawa. Namun, outstanding P2P berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kredit perbankan UMKM di pulau Jawa dan di luar pulau Jawa.
Keaslian/Kebaruan Penelitian: Penelitian sebelumnya terkait pinjaman P2P dan kredit perbankan menunjukkan hasil yang beragam sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan jumlah outstanding P2P sebagai variabel independen untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris terbaru.
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