Correlation between Physical Properties and Specific Fuel Consumption in Jatropha -Used Cooking Oil Biodiesel Mixtures

Wahyudi Wahyudi, Muhammad Nadjib, Apriyanto Apriyanto

Abstract


This study was motivated by the need to understand the influence of using waste jatropha biodiesel on the physical properties of fuel and the performance of diesel engines. The primary aim was to determine the relationship between the fuel's physical properties, spray angle, and specific fuel consumption (SFC) at various load levels. The methodology employed included measurements of density, viscosity, flash point, calorific value, spray angle, and SFC for different blends of waste jatropha biodiesel and diesel (B5, B10, B15, B20). The research results demonstrate an increase in density, kinematic viscosity, and flash point, along with a decrease in calorific value, as the biodiesel content increases. The density of the biodiesel mixture ranges from 823 kg/m³ at B5 to 836.50 kg/m³ at B20. The kinematic viscosity increases from 3.9 cSt at B5 to 5.2 cSt at B20, and the flash point rises from 112.9°C at B5 to 128.7°C for B20. Meanwhile, the calorific value decreases from 10308.2670 cal/g at B5 to 10133.8280 cal/g for B20. A strong correlation exists between density and kinematic viscosity with the spray angle, exhibiting R2 values of 0.9141 and 0.8287, respectively. The correlation between the fuel's physical properties and the specific fuel consumption (SFC) is also substantial, marked by high R2 values above 0.93. These findings provide a solid foundation for the development of more optimal biodiesel formulations.


Keywords


Biodiesel; physical properties; spray angle; specific fuel consumption

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abed, K. A. (2018). Effect of waste cooking-oil biodiesel on performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 985–989.

Acharya, N., Nanda, P., Panda, S., & Acharya, S. (2017). Analysis of properties and estimation of optimum blending ratio of blended mahua biodiesel. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 20(2), 511–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2016.12.005

Afandi, J., & Wibawa, A. (2022). Implementasi energi terbarukan dan urgensinya dalam lingkungan hidup society 5.0. Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi dan Edukasi Teknik, 2(1), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.17977/um068v2i12022p44-49

Brahma, S., Nath, B., Basumatary, B., Das, B., Saikia, P., Patir, K., & Basumatary, S. (2022). Biodiesel production from mixed oils: A sustainable approach towards industrial biofuel production. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, 10, 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100284

Bukkarapu, K. R., Rahul, T. S., Kundla, S., & Vardhan, G. V. (2017). Effects of blending on the properties of diesel and palm biodiesel. IOP Conference Series: Materials, Science, and Engineering, 330. https://doi.org/ 10.1088/1757-899X/330/1/012092

Carareto, N. D., Kimura, C. Y., Oliveira, E. C., Costa, M. C., & Meirelles, A. J. (2012). Flash points of mixtures containing ethyl esters or ethylic biodiesel and ethanol. Fuel, 96, 319–326.

Che Hamzah, N. H., Khairuddin, N., Siddique, B. M., & Hassan, M. A. (2020). Potential of Jatropha curcas L. as Biodiesel Feedstock in Malaysia: A Concise Review. Processes, 8(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8070786

Deshmukh, G. K., Rehman, A., & Gupta, R. (2021). Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Compression-Ignition Engine fuelled with Transesterified-Jatropha Biodiesel-Diesel Blends. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), 11(2), Article 2.

Ewunie, G. A., Morken, J., Lekang, O. I., & Yigezu, Z. D. (2021). Factors affecting the potential of Jatropha curcas for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 137, 110500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110500

Hakim, L., Ilminnafik, N., Jatisukamto, G., Kustanto, M. N., & Sanata, A. (2022). Karakteristik spray diesel dan campuran biodiesel nyamplung pada ruang chamber dengan variasi temperatur ambient. Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin, 11(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.24127/trb.v11i1.1925

Maftuchah, Zainudin, A., Winaya, A., & Rahmadesi, Y. (2020). Biodiesel generated from Jatropha (Jatropha curcas Linn.) seeds selected based on various genotypes crossbred. Energy Reports, 6, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.160

Mariono, M., Wahyudi, W., & Nadjib, M. (2023). Effect of density and viscosity on injection characteristic of jatropha—Waste cooking oil biodiesel mixture. JMPM (Jurnal Material Dan Proses Manufaktur), 7(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.v7i1.17896

Park, S. H., Khan, N., Lee, S., Zimmermann, K., DeRosa, M., Hamilton, L., Hudson, W., Hyder, S., Serratos, M., Sheffield, E., Veludhandi, A., & Pursell, D. P. (2019). Biodiesel production from locally sourced restaurant waste cooking oil and grease: Synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation. ACS Omega, 4(4), 7775–7784. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00268

Rafdi, M. H. A., Ilminnafik, N., Djumhariyanto, D., Setyawan, D. L., Sutjahjono, H., Sanata, A., & Hardiatama, I. (2022). Uji variasi temperatur dan campuran bahan bakar terhadap karakteristik spray. Dinamika Teknik Mesin, 12(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v12i1.501

Ramos, M., Dias, A. P. S., Puna, J. F., Gomes, J., & Bordado, J. C. (2019). Biodiesel production processes and sustainable raw materials. Energies, 12(23), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12234408

Riayatsyah, T. M. I., Sebayang, A. H., Silitonga, A. S., Padli, Y., Fattah, I. M. R., Kusumo, F., Ong, H. C., & Mahlia, T. M. I. (2022). Current progress of jatropha curcas commoditisation as biodiesel feedstock: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Energy Research, 9, 1–19.

Saputro, W., Sentanuhady, J., Majid, A. I., Prasidha, W., Gunawan, N. P., & Raditya, T. Y. (2020). Karakteristik unjuk kerja mesin diesel menggunakan bahan bakar B100 dan B20 dalam jangka panjang. Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing, 2(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmdt.55523

Snehi, S. K., Srivastava, A., & Raj, S. K. (2022). Chapter 11—Diversity of geminiviruses occurring on jatropha (Jatropha curcus), a biodiesel crop. In R. K. Gaur, P. Sharma, & H. Czosnek (Eds.), Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and Management (pp. 159–169). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90587-9.00032-8

Suzihaque, M. U. H., Alwi, H., Kalthum Ibrahim, U., Abdullah, S., & Haron, N. (2022). Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: A brief review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 63, S490–S495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.527

Wahyudi, W., & Krisdiyanto, K. (2022). Correlation between the properties in Jatropha and used cooking oil biodiesel. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2499(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0104969

Wahyudi, W., Sarip, S., Sudarja, S., & Suhatno, H. (2020). Unjuk kerja mesin diesel berbahan bakar campuran biodiesel jarak dan biodiesel jelantah. JMPM : Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmpm.3135

Xu, H., Ou, L., Li, Y., Hawkins, T. R., & Wang, M. (2022). Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of biodiesel and renewable diesel production in the United States. Environmental Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00289

Zhang, Y., Zhong, Y., Lu, S., Zhang, Z., & Tan, D. (2022). A comprehensive review of the properties, performance, combustion, and emissions of the diesel engine fueled with different generations of biodiesel. Processes, 10(6), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10061178

Zhao, W., Wei, H., Jia, M., Lu, Z., Luo, K. H., Chen, R., & Zhou, L. (2019). Flame–spray interaction and combustion features in split-injection spray flames under diesel engine-like conditions. Combustion and Flame, 210, 204–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.08.031




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/st.v26i2.20163

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Wahyudi Wahyudi, Muhammad Nadjib, Apriyanto Apriyanto

Editorial Office :

SEMESTA TEKNIKA

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Jln. Brawijaya Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul 55183 Indonesia

Telp:(62)274-387656, Fax.:(62)274-387656

Email: semesta_teknika@umy.ac.id, semestateknika@umy.university

Website: http://http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/st

Creative Commons License

Semesta Teknika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.