Optimasi Perancangan Timbunan Sampah Perkotaan Studi Kasus TPA Kabinuang Tolitoli

Abstract

Pertambahan populasi penduduk khususnya daerah pemukiman kota meningkatkan jumlah sampah padat perkotaan. Sistem pengolahan timbunan sampah pada tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) kurang efisien sehingga melebihi kapasitas. Berbagai cara diperlukan untuk memaksimalkan kapasitas tempat pembuangan. Lokasi penelitian ini terletak di TPA Kabinuang, Kabupaten Tolitoli. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengambilan sampel di lapangan secara Test Pit di kedalaman 1-2 m pada 3 titik pengamatan mewakili sampel sampah lama (SL), sampah berumur sedang (SS) dan sampah baru (SB) juga sampel tanah dasar (TD) dan tanah penutup (TP). Sampel kemudian diuji kadar organik, kadar air, spesific gravity dan uji triaxial. Data laboratorium kemudian dianalisis dan dilakukan pemodelan dengan variasi lapisan timbunan sampah khususnya pada sampah baru dengan penambahan lapisan tanah penutup. Digunakan program Rocscience (finite element) dan Slide (limit equilibrium) 2 dimensi untuk mendapatkan nilai angka aman dan displacement lereng timbunan sampah pada TPA Kabinuang. Hasil analisis 2D stabilitas lereng timbunan sampah memiliki optimasi desain dengan peningkatan kapasitas timbunan setinggi maksimal 10 m dari kondisi awal dan kemiringan lereng 45⁰ tanpa menggunakan lapisan tanah penutup menghasilkan displacement 0,31 m dan angka aman kondisi statis 3,03 dan 1,16 kondisi dinamis. Apabila digunakan lapisan tanah penutup, kestabilan lereng timbunan sampah meningkat, ditunjukkan displacement yang terjadi lebih kecil yaitu 0,18 m dan angka aman 2,61 kondisi statis dan 1,11 kondisi dinamis.

The increase in the population, especially urban settlements increases the amount of municipal solid waste. The processing system of waste embankment at the landfill (TPA) is less efficient so that it exceeds capacity. Various ways are needed to maximize landfill capacity. The location of this study is located in the TPA Kabinuang, Tolitoli Regency. In this research, the Test Pit was taken in the field at a depth of 0,5-1 m at 3 observation points representing samples of old waste (SL), medium aged waste (SS) and new waste (SB) as well as subgrade samples (TD) and soil cover (TP). The samples were then tested for organic content, water content, Specific Gravity and Triaxial test. Laboratory data are then analyzed and modeling with variations in layers of landfill, especially in new waste with the addition of overburden. 2-dimensional Rocscience (limit equilibrium) and Slides (equilibrium) programs were used to obtain the safe and displacement value of the landfill slope at the Kabinuang landfill. 2D analysis of slope landfill stability has optimized the design with an increase in embankment capacity as high as a maximum of 10 m from the initial condition and slope of 45⁰ without using soil cover resulting in a displacement of 0,31 m and a safety factor of static conditions 3,03 and 1,16 dynamic conditions. If the soil cover  is used, the slofe stability of the landfill increases, indicating that the displacement is smaller, which is 0,18 m and the safety factor is 2,61 static conditions and 1,11 dynamic conditions.