Rasionalitas Indonesia dalam Pengimplementasian “40+9 Rekomendasi” FATF

Abstract

Global anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) regime set up by G7 countries in 1989 had established a nontreaty yet significantly influencing standard setter body named Financial Action Task Force (FATF). Regime norms codified by FATF in “40+9 Recommendations”, hand in hand with “Non-cooperative Countries and Territories (NCCTs)” list have become two most powerful instruments in enforcing international AML/CFT regime, not only for member but also non member countries, including Indonesia. This study is aimed to explore the reasons behind Indonesia’s decision to adopt and thus implement “40+9 Recommendations”. Using power-based regime approach and the economic sanction theory, this research finds that the said decision is a result of rational calculation, considering both international and domestic dynamics. On international side, there are global financial hegemon countries as FATF members behind “40+9 Recommendations” who can act unilaterally to foster and enforce its global implementation. On the domestic side, its implementation can provide a basis for good financial governance, a much needed foundation to build anti-corruption and anti-terrorism national regime.