Kerjasama Antara Pemerintahan Amerika Serikat Dan Filipina Dalam Memberantas Abu Sayyaf Group Di Filipina Selatan
Abstract
Dalam perkembangannya, Abu Sayyaf Group berpotensi mengancam keamanan nasional Amerika Serikat dan Filipina serta membutuhkan penanganan dengan respons yang sama, yakni militer dalam menghadapinya. Dalam membendung ancaman Abu Sayyaf Group, kedua negara ini sepakat untuk menjalin kerjasama. Maka, Amerika Serikat dan Filipina melaksanakan kerjasama di bidang militer melalui pelaksanaan latihan militer gabungan antara kedua pasukan yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2002 tempatnya di Kepulauan Basilan, Filipina Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan keberhasilan maupun kegagalam dalam penerapan kerjasama antara Amerika Serikat dan Filipina. Hal ini yang akhirnya mendapat dukungan publik dan politik domestik pada kerjasama Amerika Serikat dan Filipina yang dilengkapi dengan program pemerintahan Filipina dalam reformasi sosial dan peningkatan ekonomi di Pulau Basilan tempat wilayah Abu Sayyaf Group beroperasi.
This study focuseson the discussionterrorist attacks against the United States at the World Trade Center Building in New York and the Pentagon Building in Washington on September 11, 2001 (9/11). Where the tragedy of 9/11 is Al-Qaeda terrorist network that once led by Osama bin Laden. And has links with the Abu Sayyaf Group. The Abu Sayyaf Group is a militant group operating in the Southern Philippines and promotes the establishment as an independent Islamic state in Mindanao and the Sulu Islands of the southern Philippines. The Abu Sayyaf Group is involved in various acts of violence, such as bombings, killings, kidnappings and hostage-taking as well as extortion.
In its development, the Abu Sayyaf Group may threaten the national security of the United States and the Philippines that are military or armed threats and require a military response in the face of it. To face the threat of Abu Sayyaf Group, the two countries agreed to establish cooperation. In an attempt to confront military threats or other armed threats coming from the Abu Sayyaf Group. Thus, the United States and the Philippines undertook military cooperation through joint military exercises between the two forces held in 2002 in the Basilan Islands of the southern Philippines. This study aims to show the success and kegagalam in the application of cooperation between the United States and the Philippines. This ultimately gained public and domestic political support for US and Philippine cooperation complemented by the Philippine government's program of social reform and economic improvement on Basilan Island where the Abu Sayyaf Group operates.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abuza Zachary, “Balik Terorism: The Retrun of Abu Sayyaf”, Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute, hal 2, 2005.
Hasbullah Moeflich, “Asia Tenggara konsentrasi Baru Kebangkitan Islam”, Fokusmedia, hal. 242, Bandung 2003.
Major Daniel D. Mitchell and Major Michael D. Nelson, Accomplishing American Strategic Goals in the Middle East Through Persistent Special Operations, Naval Postgraduate School, hal. 39, 2011.
Pujayanti Adirini, “Kebijakan Luar Negeri Pemerintahan Bush Terhadap Terorisme Internasionala”. dalam Poltak Pargi Nainggilan, Terorisme, Human Security, Keamanan Internasional dan Tata Dunia Pasca Perang Dingin, Terorisme dan Tata Dunia Baru, Jakarta: Pusat Pengkajian dan Pelayanan Infomasi Sekretariat Jenderal Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, hal.161 2002.
Purwadarminta W.J.S., Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia, Balai Pustaka, hal. 492, Jakarta 1985.
Sholahuddin, “NII sampai JI, Salafy Jihadisme di Indonesia”, Komunitas Bambu, hal. 25, Jakarta 2011.
Vermonte, Phillips, Regional Networking and coordination Againts International Terrorism: An Indonesia Per spective. The 13th Meeting of CSCAP Working Group Meeting on Transnational Crime, Manila 27-28 Juni 2003.
Briscoe, C.H. "Balikatan exercise spearheaded ARSOF operations in the Philippines." Special Warfare, September. 2004.
Dr. Adnan Khalil Basha, “Largest Islamic Relief Organization Maligned,” Letter to the Editor, Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 2000, p. 18; Christine Herrera, “Gemma Linked to Bin Laden Group Funding Abu Sayyaf Group, MILF,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 10, 2000.
Robert J. Art, “A Grand Strategy for America”, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 2003.
Shedon W. Simon, “Southeast Asia and The War on Terrorism”, Dalam Managing Security
Challenges in Southeast Asia, NBR Analysis: Vol.13, 4 July 2002 (The National Bureau of Asian Research: Washington D.C., 2002).
The United States of America, “The National Security Strategy”. 2002. A National Security Strategy 1999, didapat dari: https://clinton4.nara.gov/media/pdf/nssr-1299. pdf, Internet [diakses tanggal 18 September 2016].
Abu Sayyaf Group (Philippines, Islamist separatists), didapat dari: http://www.cfr.org/philippines/abusayyafgroup-philippinesislamist-separatists/p9235, Internet[diakses tanggal 27 Agustus 2016].
Amerika Serikat Dan Filipina Tingkatkan Kerjasama Antiterorisme, didapat dari: http://indonesian.cri.cn/201/2009/07/31/1s99872.htm, Internet [diakses tanggal 01 September 2016].
Henry Loedji, Filipina Modernisasi Senjata, didapat dari: http://ramalanintelijen.net/pasukankomando-filipina-balasmenyerang-abu-sayyafmengerahkan-5-batalyon, Internet [diakses tanggal 14 September 2016].
John Roberts, “US Training exercise in the Philippines sets stage for Broader military operations”, 15 Maret 2002. Kebijakan AS Dalam Mengatasi Terorisme, didapat dari: http://astiol.com/terorism/6-global-terorism/22kebijakan-amerika-serikatdalam-mengatasi-terorisme.html, Internet [diakses tanggal 04 September 2016].
Soliman M. Santos, etc, “Primed and Purposeful Armed Groups and Human Security Efforts In The Philippines”, Chapter 20, “AlHarakatul Al-Islamiyya, Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)”, SouthSouth Network for Non-State Armed Group Engagement and the Small Arms Survey, 2010,http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Publications/Detail/?ots591=0c54e3b3-1e9c-be1e-2c24a6a8c7060233&lng=en&id=115743, Internet [diakses tanggal 30 Agustus 2016].
Steven Mufson, “U.S. to Aid Philippines’ Terrorism War”, Washington Post, 21 November 2001, www.elib.unikom.ac.id/download.php?id=143138.pdf, Internet [diakses tanggal 03 September 2016].
The National Security Strategy USA 2002, didapat dari http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/63562.pdf, Internet [diakses tanggal 13 September 2016].
The Phillipines and Terrorism, didapat dari: http://www.adl.org/terror/tu/tu_0404_philippines.asp, Internet [diakses tanggal 14 September 2016].
Quadrennial Defense Report USA 2001, didapat dari: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d0313.pdf, Internet [diakses tanggal 17 September 2016].
Washington File: “US, Philippines Allied in the War Against Terrorism”, didapat dari: http://wfile.ait.org.tw/wfarchive/2001/011120/epf214.htm, Internet [diakses tanggal 03 September 2016].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/jiwp.1103
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Journal JIWP Indexed by:
Office:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license.