The Urgency of the Constitutional Question by the Constitutional Court and Its Relevance to the Indonesian Democracy Index during the COVID-19 Pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.v4i1.17237Keywords:
Constitutional court, Constitutional democracy, Constitutional question, Covid-19 pandemic, Judicial reviewAbstract
The Constitutional Court’s authority to conduct the judicial review contains deficiencies implied upon the less maximum efforts to actualize constitutional democracy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the constitutional question is crucial in responding to the issue; it influences the increase of the Indonesian democracy index during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to examine and analyze the urgency of constitutional questions by the Indonesian Constitutional Court in actualizing constitutional democracy with a particular design if it is to be regulated in the Constitution and the laws of the Constitutional Court. The research belongs to normative juridical with library research method. The results showed the urgency of the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s authority to impose constitutional questions. (1) It is to increase the Indonesian democracy index during the COVID-19 pandemic (2) It is to protect the citizens’ Constitutional Rights; (3) It is to increase the citizens’ constitutional awareness; (4) It is to connect the judges’ interpretation; (5) It is to actualize progressive and responsive substantive justice. Besides, the research compared the authorities of the constitutional courts applied by countries such as Austria, Germany, and Russia, where the Constitutional Courts in several countries have constitutional question authority. A recommendation of constitutional question arrangement within the Indonesian constitutional system accompanied this research.References
Adhani, H. (2021). Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia di Era Digital: Upaya Menegakan Konstitusi, Keadilan Substantif dan Budaya Sadar Berkonstitusi. Jurnal Penegakan Hukum Dan Keadilan, 2(2), 130–146. https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.v2i2.11763
Asshiddiqie, J. (2005). Konstitusi dan Konstitusionalisme. Jakarta: Konstitusi Press.
Azis, A., & Izlindawati. (2018). Constitutional Complaint & Constitutional Question dalam Negara Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana.
Baidhowa, A. R. (2021). Defender of Democracy: The Role of Indonesian Constitutional Court in Preventing Rapid Democratic Backsliding. Constitutional Review, 7(1), 124–152. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev715
Chalid, H., & Yaqin, A. A. (2019). Menggagas Pelembagaan Constitutional Question Melalui Perluasan Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Menguji Undang-Undang. Jurnal Konstitusi, 16(2), 363–390. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1628
Collins, J. S., & Faiz, P. M. (2018). Penambahan Kewenangan Constitutional Question di Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Upaya untuk Melindungi Hak-Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara. Jurnal Konstitusi, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1541
Crouch, M. (2021). The Challenges for Court Reform after Authoritarian Rule: The Role of Specialized Courts in Indonesia. Constitutional Review, 7(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev711
Currie, D. P. (1994). The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
de Visser, M. (2014). Constitutional Review in Europe: Comparative Analysis. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
Hamidi, J., & Lutfi, M. (2016). Constitutional Question (Antara Realitas Politik dan Implementasi Hukumnya). Jurnal Konstitusi, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.31078/jk713
Harman, B. K. (2013). Mempertimbangkan Mahkamah Konstitusi: Sejarah Pemikiran Pengujian UU terhadap UUD. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Hidayat, A. (2013). Penemuan Hukum Melalui Penafsiran Hakim dalam Putusan Pengadilan. Pandecta: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum (Research Law Journal), 8(2).
Indrayana, D., & Mochtar, Z. A. (2007). Komparasi Sifat Mengikat Putusan Judicial Review Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara. Mimbar Hukum, 19(3).
Iswandi, K., & Prasetyoningsih, N. (2020). Kedudukan State Auxiliary Organ dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan di Indonesia. Jurnal Penegakan Hukum Dan Keadilan, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.1208
Jati, W. R. (2021). Fenomena Kemunduran Demokrasi Indonesia 2021. THC Insights. Jakarta: The Habibi Center. Retrieved from https://www.habibiecenter.or.id/img/publication/ac06aed73a921420af78a420d4f6f50c.pdf
Khalid, A. (2014). Penafsiran Hukum oleh Hakim Dalam Sistem Peradilan di Indonesia. Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v6i11.196
Kurnia, A. (2021). Pandemi dan Kehidupan Demokrasi. Retrieved from https://www.infopublik.id/kategori/sorot-politik-hukum/509483/pandemi-dan-kehidupan-demokrasi
MD, M. M., Hamidi, J., Palguna, I. D. G., Safa’at, M. A., & Lutfi, M. (2010). Constitutional Question : Alternatif Baru Pencarian Keadilan. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya Press.
Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2008). Law and Society in Transtition: Toward Responsive Law (Terjemahan Raisul Mutaqien). Bandung: Nusa Media.
Novianto, R. D. (2020). Dampak Pandemi COVID-19, Kepuasan terhadap Demokrasi Menurun. Retrieved from https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/61675/12/dampak-pandemi-covid-19-kepuasan-terhadap-demokrasi-menurun-1591524367
Nugraha, X., Frisa Katherina, A. M., Ramadhanty, S. N., & Tanbun, E. P. (2019). Constitutional Question: Alternatif Baru Pelindungan Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Melalui Concrete Review di Indonesia. Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum Untuk Keadilan Dan Kesejahteraan, 10(1), 129–148. https://doi.org/10.22212/jnh.v10i1.1209
Pasaribu, A., & Putri, I. P. (2021). Prospek Penjatuhan Putusan Provisi dalam Perkara Pengujian Undang-Undang. Jurnal Konstitusi, 18(1), 44–65. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1813
Putra, R. A. (2021). Indeks Demokrasi Indonesia Catat Skor Terendah dalam Sejarah. Made for Minds. Retrieved from https://www.dw.com/id/indeks-demokrasi-indonesia-catat-skor-terendah-dalam-sejarah/a-56448378
Raharjo, S. (2004). Reformasi menuju Hukum Progresif. UNISIA, XXVII(53), 238–241. https://doi.org/10.20885/unisia.vol27.iss53.art3
Rishan, I. (2013). Komisi Yudisial: Suatu Upaya Mewujudkan Wibawa Peradilan. Yogyakarta: Genta Press.
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2001). Penelitian Hukum Normatif; Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Sukriono, D. (2016). Membangun Kesadaran Berkonstitusi terhadap Hak-Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara sebagai Upaya Menegakkan Hukum Konstitusi. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 13(3).
Sutiyoso, B. (2016). Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai Pelaku Kekuasaan Kehakiman di Indonesia. Jurnal Konstitusi, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.31078/jk762
Suwasta, A. D. (2011). Tafsir Hukum Positif Indonesia. Bandung: Ali Publishing.
Thohari, A. A. (2009). Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Pengokohan Demokrasi Konstitusional di Indonesia. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 6(3), 95–108.
Wicaksana, Y. P. (2018). Implementasi Asas Ius Curia Novit Dalam Penafsiran Hukum Putusan Hakim Tentang Keabsahan Penetapan Tersangka. Jurnal Lex Renaissance, 3(1), 86–108. https://doi.org/10.20885/JLR.vol3.iss1.art3
Yaqin, A. A. (2018). Constitutional Question: Kewenangan yang Terlupakan dan Gagasan untuk Melembagakannya di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Yusa, I. G., Sudibya, K. P., Aryani, N. M., & Hermanto, B. (2018). Gagasan Pemberian Legal Standing Bagi Warga Negara Asing dalam Constitutional Review. Jurnal Konstitusi, 15(4), 752–773. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1544
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright statementAuthors who publish with JURNAL PENEGAKAN HUKUM DAN KEADILAN agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
JPHK is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
