The Effectiveness of Law Enforcement Against Smuggling of Imported Used Clothes: An Analysis Based on Positive Law in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/jphk.v5i2.22074Keywords:
Imported Used Clothing, Positive Law Indonesia, SmugglingAbstract
This study examines the legal challenges surrounding the smuggling of imported used clothing in Indonesia, addressing factors such as geographical complexities, resource limitations, organized crime networks, and corruption within law enforcement agencies. The manuscript aims to answer key research questions through an exploration of international legal frameworks, including the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and World Trade Organization agreements. The findings emphasized the necessity for enhanced infrastructure, technology, inter-agency cooperation, and anti-corruption measures to improve enforcement effectiveness. Education and international collaboration are proposed as vital strategies to combat cross-border smuggling networks. Ultimately, this research contributes novel insights into legal strategies needed to address the complex challenges of smuggling imported used clothing, ensuring comprehensive and sustainable solutions to safeguard national interests and public safety.References
W. Syamhari, “Globalisasi dan Tatanan Ekonomi Baru,” J. Manaj. Ekon. Bisnis, vol. 1, no. 1, 2023.
M. S. Alamin, “Pengaturan Penjualan Baju Bekas Pakai Dari Luar Negeri Studi Terhadap Hukum Import Di Indonesia,” Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/70623/1/MUHAMMAD SIDIK ALAMIN - FSH.pdf
M. A. Rachmadhani, “Law Enforcement against Perpetrators of the Crime of Smuggling Imported used Clothes according to Positive Law,” in Proceeding International Conference Restructuring and Transforming Law (Special Issue), Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2023.
H. V. Akbar, D. Saputra, and Z. Fathia, “Penerapan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penyulundupan Pakaian Bekas di Kantor Wilayah Bea dan Cukai Pekanbaru,” Innov. J. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 4751–4763, 2023.
S. S. Djong and A. Damayanti, “The Roles of Atambua Customs and Challenges in Dealing with Garment Smuggling in Indonesia-Timor Leste Border Area,” Int. J. Sci. Res. Manag., vol. 11, no. 01, pp. 1343–1357, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.18535/ijsrm/v11i01.sh02.
A. Andynar, “Assessing the alignment of second-hand clothing import regulations with circular economy objectives in Indonesia,” University of Twente, 2023. [Online]. Available: http://essay.utwente.nl/96945/1/Andynar_MA_BMS.pdf
F. Adibah, “Jual Beli Pakaian Bekas Impor di Tugu Pahlawan Kota Surabaya (Tinjauan UU Perdagangan No. 7 Tahun 2014 dan Fiqh Muamalah),” Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/10522/1/13220058.pdf
A. Annisa, Y. Yohannes, R. Martin, S. Jordan, H. Bumi, and M. Mustaqim, “Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Import Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi,” J. Pendidik. Tambusai, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 5956–5961, 2024.
D. Birahayu, “Penegakan Hukum terhadap Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas,” Perspekt. Huk., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 156–167, 2020.
A. A. Putri, “Statistik Impor Pakaian Bekas 5 Tahun Terakhir,” GoodStats. [Online]. Available: https://data.goodstats.id/statistic/statistik-impor-pakaian-bekas-5-tahun-terakhir-RLqTo
R. S. P. Baladiah and A. Silviana, “Peran Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai Bandar Lampung Terhadap Larangan Impor Pakaian Bekas,” J. Ilm. Univ. Batanghari Jambi, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 900, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.33087/jiubj.v23i1.2905.
R. Chandradewi, M. Rahardjo, and K. Yitawati, “Analisis Yuridis tentang Perdagangan Pakaian bekas Impor Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan dan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Pelindungan Konsumen,” Yust. MERDEKA J. Ilm. Huk., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 64–72, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.24912/adigama.v1i2.2754.
B. Qurrotaayun, M. L. E. Putri, Y. P. Ferdiansyah, and R. Wikansari, “Dampak Pelarangan Impor Pakaian Bekas (Thrift) terhadap Pedagang di Indonesia,” J. Pendidik. Tambusai, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1326–1337, 2024, doi: 10.31004/jptam.v8i1.12557.
N. M. I. K. Dewi, I. A. P. Widiati, and I. N. Sutama, “Implikasi Penjualan Pakaian Bekas Impor bagi Konsumen di Kota Denpasar,” J. Interpret. Huk., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 216–221, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.22225/juinhum.1.1.2222.216-221.
A. Fatah, D. A. P. Sari, I. S. Irwanda, L. I. Kolen, and P. G. D. Agnesia, “Pengaruh Larangan Impor Pakaian Bekas Terhadap Pengusaha Thrift,” J. Econ., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1321–1328, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.55681/economina.v2i1.288.
A. Fauziah and D. Ardiansah, “Jual Beli Pakaian Bekas (Thrifting) Menurut Hukum Positif Indonesia Dan Ekonomi Islam,” AL-Intifa J. Ilm. Ilmu Syari’ah, vol. 1, no. 1, 2023.
D. Febrianti, “Analisis Dampak Impor Pakaian Bekas Ilegal Indonesia Periode 2015-2020,” Universitas Sriwijaya, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repository.unsri.ac.id/70881/3/RAMA_84201_07041381722225_0002037805_0027089203_01_front_ref.pdf
R. Firdaus and Ishak, “Penindakan dan Penyelidikan oleh Kantor Bea dan Cukai terhadap penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Impor di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2014-2015,” J. Online Mhs. Fak. Ilmu Sos. dan Ilmu Polit., vol. 6, no. 1, 2019.
J. Noor, Metodologi Penelitian: Skripsi, Tesis, Disertasi & Karya Ilmiah. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2016.
M. Ford and L. Lyons, “Smuggling Cultures in the Indonesia-Singapore Borderlands,” in Transnational Flows and Permissive Polities, Amsterdam University Press, 2012, pp. 91–108. doi: 10.1017/9789048515875.005.
Y. Gintara and C. A. F. Zakaria, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Dihubungkan Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1995 Tentang Kepabeanan,” Bandung Conf. Ser. Law Stud., vol. 2, no. 1, 2022.
A. Kesuma, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kepabeanan Dalam Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas (Studi Kasus di Kantor Bea Cukai Teluk Nibung Tanjung Balai),” Universitas Medan Area, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/jspui/bitstream/123456789/19724/1/188400143 - Arya Kesuma - Fulltext.pdf
I. Koto, “Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Dalam Perspektif Teori Kepastian Hukum (Studi Kasus Di Kantor Bea Cukai Teluk Nibung Tanjung Balai),” Bul. Konstitusi, vol. 2, no. 1, 2021.
L. Febrianti, “Peran Kejasama Operasi Patroli Terkoordinasi Kastam Indonesia -Malaysia (Operasi Patkor Kastima) dalam Meminimalisir Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Impor di Kota Dumai,” Universitas Andalas, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://scholar.unand.ac.id/52494/6/COVER dan Abstrak.pdf
P. Krugman, Development, Geography, and Economic Theory. Massachusett: The MIT Press, 1997.
J. N. Bhagwati, “Directly Unproductive, Profit-Seeking (DUP) Activities,” J. Polit. Econ., vol. 90, no. 5, pp. 988–1002, Oct. 1982, doi: 10.1086/261104.
D. Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. London: John Murray, 1817.
R. E. Lubis and I. Pasaribuan, “Analisis penerapan hukum terhadap penyelundupan pakaian bekas impor ditinjau dari hukum positif dan pidana Islam,” JRTI (Jurnal Ris. Tindakan Indones., vol. 8, no. 2, 2023.
D. Rodrik, “What Do Trade Agreements Really Do?,” J. Econ. Perspect., vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 73–90, May 2018, doi: 10.1257/jep.32.2.73.
M. Friman, “Implementing Quality Improvements in Public Transport,” J. Public Transp., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 49–65, Dec. 2004, doi: 10.5038/2375-0901.7.4.3.
P. V. Lotulung, S. L. Mandey, and D. C. A. Lintong, “Pengaruh Persepsi Konsumen Dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Baju Bekas Impor Pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Karombasan Utara Lingkungan 8 Kecamatan Wanea,” J. EMBA J. Ris. Ekon. Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akunt., vol. 11, no. 02, pp. 561–572, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.35794/emba.v11i02.48635.
L. E. Cohen and M. Felson, “On estimating the social costs of national economic policy: A critical examination of the Brenner study,” Soc. Indic. Res., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 251–259, Apr. 1979, doi: 10.1007/BF00343977.
M. J. Marcius, “Penegakan Hukum Pidana terhadap Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Bandar Lampung,” Universitas Lampung, 2019.
M. V. Nggai, “Kajian terhadap Upaya Merumuskan Ius Constituendum dalam Pengaturan Perdagangan Pakaian Bekas Impor (Studi Kasus di Kota Pontianak),” J. Nestor Magister Huk., vol. 1, no. 1, 2017.
United Nations, “World Drug Report 2010.” [Online]. Available: https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/WDR-2010.html
World Bank, “World Development Report 2019.” [Online]. Available: https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2019
A. W. Rasyidin, C. Damayanti, and H. Haqqi, “Peran World Trade Organization (WTO) sebagai basis Kerja Sama Perdagangan Indonesia pada ASEAN Free Trade (AFTA),” Transformasi, vol. 1, pp. 1–180, 2016.
F. I. Rivai, “Hambatan dalam Penanganan Perdagangan Illegal Pakaian Bekas di Ineonesia (2015-2019),” Universitas Bosowa Makassar, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repository.unibos.ac.id/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2437/2022 Fahrizal Isra Rivai 4516023014.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
G. Rose, “Australian Law to Combat Illegal Logging in Indonesia: A Gossamer Chain for Transnational Enforcement of Environmental Law,” Rev. Eur. Comp. Int. Environ. Law, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 128–138, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.1111/reel.12206.
I. Sagala, S. Kalo, M. Ablisar, and C. Bariah, “Law Enforcement Against Crime Smuggling of Used Clothing Imports (Study Center Tanjung Court Ruling Karimun Number 107 / Pid.sus / 2014 / Pn Tbk and Cape Center Court Ruling Karimun Pid.sus No. 217/2015 / Pn Tbk),” USU Law J., vol. 5, no. 1, 2017.
R. A. B. Sitepu and I. R. Putranti, “Kerjasama Customs Indonesia-Malaysia dalam Menanggulangi Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas ke Indonesia,” J. Int. Relations Diponegoro, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 412–419, 2018.
R. Tambunan, S. Suhatrizal, and T. Siregar, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Kepabean Penyeludupan Pakaian Bekas (Putusan No. 237/Pid.B/2016/PN.Tjb),” JUNCTO J. Ilm. Huk., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 158–165, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.31289/juncto.v1i2.196.
K. Wahida, H. Uyun, and D. K. Wintoko, “Efek Globalisasi Yang Dihadapi Masyarakat Kontemporer Terhadap Perekonomian,” Harmon. J. Ilmu Komun. dan Sos., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 01–12, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.59581/harmoni-widyakarya.v1i1.288.
M. W. A. Wijaya and D. Andriasari, “Bisnis Pakaian Impor Bekas (Thrifting) sebagai Tindak Pidana Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan,” Bandung Conf. Ser. Law Stud., vol. 2, no. 2, Jul. 2022, doi: 10.29313/bcsls.v2i2.2581.
A. F. Yaneski, “Implementasi Kebijakan Penanganan Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas di Provinsi Riau, Indonesia,” 295 J. Int. Relations, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 295–302, 2018.
A. S. Yossymon, “The Crime of Smuggling Imported Goods in the Perspective of Customs Law,” Int. J. Educ. Inf. Technol. others, vol. 7, no. 2, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10963387.
A. A. Aronowitz, “Smuggling and trafficking in human beings: The phenomenon, the markets that drive it and the organisations that promote it,” Eur. J. Crim. Policy Res., vol. 9, pp. 163–195, 2001, doi: 10.1023/A:1011253129328.
I. Rahmawati, “Law Enforcement of Criminal Acts of Smuggling Illegal Export-Import Goods in Indonesian Waters,” AHKAM, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 177–192, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.58578/ahkam.v1i1.751.
E. Natio, S. P. Panjaitan, and R. M. Ikhsan, “The Crime of Importing Goods Prohibited Under Trade Law,” Nurani J. Kaji. Syari’ah dan Masy., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 327–340, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.19109/nurani.v23i2.18457.
E. Gonzalez, “The Nexus between Human Trafficking and Terrorism/Organized Crime: Combating Human Trafficking By Creating a Cooperative Law Enforcement System,” 2013, Law School Student Scholarship. 227. [Online]. Available: https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1227&context=student_scholarship
G. Subroto, Pajak & Pendanaan Peradaban Indonesia. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo, 2019.
F. S. Karunia, R. C. Rahmat, A. A. Qolby, and A. K. A. Herdian, “Kebijakan ASEAN dalam Merespon Fenomena Migrasi dan Pencegahan Kejahatan Transnasional Melalui Lembaga Sektoral ASEAN,” J. Law Bord. Prot., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 71–82, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.52617/jlbp.v5i1.418.
N. Nurviyani, M. Indra, and E. Erdiansyah, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Pakaian Bekas Oleh Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil Bea Dan Cukai Di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir,” J. Online Mhs. Fak. Huk. Univ. Riau, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1–15, 2016.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright statementAuthors who publish with JURNAL PENEGAKAN HUKUM DAN KEADILAN agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
JPHK is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.