The Diversity of Rot Fungi from Cocoa Plantation and Its Ability to Grow on Carbon Source Media

Authors

  • Iradhatullah Rahim Department of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare
  • Suherman Suherman Department of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare
  • Andi Nasaruddin Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18196/pt.2019.102.125-129

Keywords:

Biomass, Chitin, Lignin, Pectin, Tremella sp.

Abstract

Rot fungi are microorganisms that can degrade biomass, especially biomass containing carbon. This fungus can decompose wood components (lignocelluloses) into simpler compounds. This research aimed to determine the diversity of rot fungi that have fruit body and grow in cocoa plantation as well as to observe their morphology and ability to grow on carbon source media. Fruiting body was taken from decayed cocoa stems from the farmers’ cocoa plantation in Bila Village, Pitu Riase, Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. The fruiting body then was sterilized and grown on the PDA medium.. The isolates then were morphologically characterized and grown on a solid Czapek dox medium containing carbon source of lignin, chitin, cellulose, and pectin. The rot fungi from Basidiomycota found were Mycena spp, Lycoperdon spp, Auricularia spp, Schizophyllum spp, Coprinus spp, Tremella spp, Crepidopus spp, Trametes spp, and Pleurotus spp. The different growth abilities were characterized by the large diameter of the colony formed. The highest colony diameter of Lycoperdon spp was on cellulose media, while that of Tremella spp was on the three other media. The results show that the rot fungi from cocoa plant have a large potential to be used as biodecomposer.

Author Biography

Iradhatullah Rahim, Department of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Agritechnology

References

Ambar, AA., (2010). Tanggapan Tomat Varietas Tahan dan Rentan terhadap Asam Fusarat dan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Lycopersici. Disertasi tidak diterbitkan. Program Pascasarjana, Fakultas Pertanian, UGM. Yogyakarta.

Ayes, M.D.; Howard, S.C.; Kuzio, J.; Lopez-Ferber, M.; Possee, R.D. (1994). The complete DNA sequence of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J.Virology (202) page 586–605.

Baon, J. B., Wedhastri, S., & Kurniawan, A. (2012). The Ability of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from Coffee Plant Rhizosphere and Their Effects on Robusta Coffee Seedlings, 2, 1064–1070.

Chang, S.T, Miles, P.G. (1989). Edible mushrooms and their cultivation. Florida: CRC Press, Inc. 451.

Chen C.J, (1998). Morphological and molecular studies in the genus Tremella. Berlin: J. Cramer:. 225.

Garraway, M.O, Evans, R. (1984). Fungal Nutrition and Physiology. John Wiley and Sons, Paris.

Hamid, R.; Khan, M.A.; Ahmad, M.; Ahmad, M.M.; Abdin, M.Z.; Musarrat, J.; Javed, S, (2013). Chitinases: An update. J. Pharm. BioAllied Sci.(5):21-29.

Hatakka, A. (1983). o = ; Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Pretreatment of Wheat Straw by White-Rot Fungi for Enzymic Saccharification of Cellulose, 350–357.

Hendritomo HI., (2002). Biologi Jamur Pangan. Pusat Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi Bio Industri. Jakarta.

Liese W (1970) Ultrastructural aspect of Woody tissue disintegration. Ann Rev Phytopath 8:231-258.

Rahim, I., Nasruddin, A., Kuswinanti, T., Asrul, L., & Rasyid, B. (2018). Utilization of Cocoa Pod Husk Waste Composting by Tremella Sp and Pleurotus Sp as A Medium to Growth of Cocoa Seedling. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 156(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/156/1/012012

Rozlianah, F. ., & Sariah, M. (2006). Characterization of Malaysian Isolates of Fusarium from Tomato and Pathogenicity Testing.pdf. Research Journal of Microbiology, 1(3), 266–272.

Schmid R, & Liese, W (1966) Elektronen mikroskopische Beobachtungen an Hyphen von Holzpilzen. Sippl 1 Mater Org, pp. 251-261.

Schmidt, O. (2006). Wood and Tree Fungi; Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use. (D. C. Heidelberg, Ed.). Berlin, Germany.

Sharp, R. G. (2013). A Review of the Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Agriculture to Modify Plant-Microbial Interactions and Improve Crop Yields, 757–793. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3040757

Sulistyarini, S. (2003). Produksi jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus florida) pada media campuran serbuk gergaji dan sekam padi. Universitas Diponegoro. Retrieved from http://eprints.undip.ac.id/29642/

Webster, J., & Weber, R. (2007). Introduction to Fungi (Third). Cambridge University Press.

Wirth, S. J., & Wolf, G. A. (1990). Dye-labeled substrates for the assay and detection of chitinase and lysozyme activity, 12, 197–205.

Wong, S., Fares, M. A., Zimmermann, W., Butler, G., & Wolfe, K. H. (2003). Evidence from comparative genomics for a complete sexual cycle in the ‘asexual’ pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata. Genome Biology, 4(2), 1–9.

Downloads

Published

2019-12-07

Issue

Section

Articles