Manifestations of Bureaucratic Reform through the Electronic Service Manuscript System: A SWOT Analysis at the Directorate General of Vocational Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.v9i3.14298Keywords:
Electronic service script, E-government, Bureaucratic reform, SWOT analysisAbstract
The Indonesian government continues to optimize the use of information technology in realizing the implementation of electronic-based government (e-government). The development of electronic service scripts in various government agencies is one manifestation of bureaucratic reform. This study aims to evaluate the application of the Electronic Service Manuscript System (SINDE) at the Directorate General of Vocational Education, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology using SWOT analysis. The study used a descriptive quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 43 respondents from several work units within the Directorate General of Vocational Education. The analysis is based on the Internal Factors Strategic (IFAS) matrix which describes the factors of strength and weakness and the External Factors Strategic (EFAS) matrix which describes the opportunities and threats factors. These results indicate that the weight of the strength dimension score is 1.97, the weight dimension of the weakness dimension is 1.63, the opportunity dimension score is 1.92, and the threat dimension score is 1.52. The total value of the average score on the IFAS matrix is 3.61 and the total value of the average score on the EFAS matrix is 3.44 which puts that the application of SINDE is in Quadrant I where it has great strength and opportunity.
References
Abdulkadhim, H., Bahari, M., Bakri, A., & Ismail, W. (2015). A research framework of electronic document management systems (EDMS) implementation process in government. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 81.
Åborg, C., & Billing, A. (2003). Health effects of the Paperless Office - evaluations of the introduction of electronic document handling systems. Behaviour & Information Technology, 22(6), 389–396. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290310001624338
Alshibly, H., Chiong, R., & Bao, Y. (2016). Investigating the Critical Success Factors for Implementing Electronic Document Management Systems in Governments: Evidence from Jordan. Information Systems Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2016.1220213
Angkasah, L., Adolf, H., Wibowo, G. D. H., & Asikin, Z. (2017). Bureaucratic Reform in the Perspective of State Administration Law. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 8(5S1), 35. https://www.richtmann.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/10087
Arikunto, Suharsimi. (2018). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Edisi Revisi 10, cetakan 14. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta
Ashari, E. T. (2010). Reformasi Pengelolaan SDM Aparatur, Prasyarat Tata Kelola Birokrasi yang Baik. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v6i2.60
Cordella, A., & Tempini, N. (2015). E-government and organizational change: Reappraising the role of ICT and bureaucracy in public service delivery. Government Information Quarterly, 32(3), 279–286.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. California: Sage publications
Dash, S., & Pani, S. K. (2016). E-Governance Paradigm Using Cloud Infrastructure: Benefits and Challenges. Procedia Computer Science, 85, 843–855. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.274
Dyson, R. G. (2004). Strategic development and SWOT analysis at the University of Warwick. European Journal of Operational Research, 152(3), 631–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00062-6
Firdaus, H., Zakiah, A., & Widyatama University Bandung, 40125 Indonesia. (2021). Implementation of Usability Testing Methods to Measure the Usability Aspect of Management Information System Mobile Application (Case Study Sukamiskin Correctional Institution). International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science, 13(5), 58–67.
Gürel, E. (2017). SWOT Analysis: A Theoretical Review. Journal of International Social Research, 10, 994–1006. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1832
Haidera, A. S. (2015). Opportunities and Challenges in Implementing Electronic Document Management Systems. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 3(1). Retrieved from https://www.ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAS/article/view/2239
Helms, M. M., & Nixon, J. (2010). Exploring SWOT analysis – where are we now? Journal of Strategy and Management, 3(3), 215–251. https://doi.org/10.1108/17554251011064837
Hoerudin, C. (2020). Adaptive Leadership in Digital Era: Case Study of Ridwan Kamil. CosmoGov, 6, 89. https://doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v6i1.26793
Ikfina, M., & Mutiarin, D. (2016). Model Kepemimpinan Transformasi Birokrasi (Studi Penelitian Kabupaten Kebumen Era Kepemimpinan Dra. Hj. Rustriningsih, M.Si.). Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 3. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.2016.0050
Ismael, arkan, & Okumus, I. (2017). Design and Implementation of an Electronic Document Management System. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 1, 9–17. https://doi.org/10.31200/makuubd.321093
Iswahyudi, I., & Pribadi, U. (2014). Kualitas Layanan Kantor Imigrasi Kelas 1 Yogyakarta dalam Pembuatan Paspor Berbasis E-Government. Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 1. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.2014.0023
Jerman Blažič, A., Klobučar, T., & Jerman, B. D. (2007). Long-term trusted preservation service using service interaction protocol and evidence records. Computer Standards and Interfaces, 29(3), 398–412.
Johnston, G. P., & Bowen, D. v. (2005). The benefits of electronic records management systems: a general review of published and some unpublished cases. Records Management Journal, 15, 131–140.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2020). Laporan Kinerja Kemendikbud Tahun 2020
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2021). Laporan Pengembangan Sistem Naskah Layanan Elektronik
Kumar, R., & Best, M. L. (2006). Impact and Sustainability of E-Government Services in Developing Countries: Lessons Learned from Tamil Nadu, India. The Information Society, 22(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972240500388149
Kunis, R., Raphael, Rünger, G., Schwind, M., & Michael. (2007). A Model for Document Management in e-Government Systems Based on Hierarchical Process Folders. Electronic Journal of E-Government, 5, 191–204.
Maroye, L., van Hooland, S., Aranguren Celorrio, F., Soyez, S., Losdyck, B., Vanreck, O., & de Terwangne, C. (2017). Managing electronic records across organizational boundaries. Records Management Journal, 27(1), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.1108/RMJ-11-2015-0037
Nalim, N., Haryono, S., & Muchran, M. (2020). The Effect of Leadership Style and Compensation on the Work Performance of Merangin District Office Employees, Jambi: The Role of Work Motivation. Journal of Governance and Public Policy, 7. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.72124
Napitupulu, D. (2017). Empirical Study of Critical Success Factors for E-Government Implementation in Indonesia Based on Factor Analysis Approach. Jurnal Bina Praja: Journal of Home Affairs Governance, 9(1), 83–99. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.09.2017.83-99
Napitupulu, D, dkk. (2020). E-Government: Implementasi, Strategi, dan Inovasi. Medan: Yayasan Kita Menulis
Neuman, Larence W. (2013). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 7th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education International.
Norris, D. F. (2007). Current Issues and Trends in E-Government Research. Pennsylvania: CyberTech Publishing
Oberer, B., & Erkollar, A. (2018). Leadership 4.0: Digital Leaders in the Age of Industry 4.0. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 7(4), 404–412.
Prajanti, A. D. (2010). Project Management Review on The Implementation of Electronic Service Scripts in the Indonesian Government Towards Bureaucratic Reform. http://www. academia.edu/download/55264561/manajemen_proyek__implementasi_tata_naskah_dinas_elektronik. pdf.
Prasojo E., Kurniawan T. (2008). Reformasi Birokrasi dan Good Governance: Kasus Best Practices dari Sejumlah Daerah di Indonesia. Makalah dalam the 5th International Symposium of Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia, Banjarmasin. 22-25 Juli 2008.
Preston, C. C., & Colman, A. M. (2000). An Optimal number of response categories in rating scales: reliability, validity, discriminating power, and respondent preferences. Acta Psychologica, 104(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(99)00050-5
Rangkuti, Freddy. (2006). Analisis SWOT: Teknik Membedah Kasus Bisnis - Reorientasi Konsep Perencanaan Strategis untuk Menghadapi Abad 21. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Sabani, A., Deng, H., & Thai, V. (2019). Evaluating the Development of E-Government in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Software Engineering and Information Management, 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1145/3305160.3305191
Sprague, R. H. (1995). Electronic Document Management: Challenges and Opportunities for Information Systems Managers. MIS Quarterly, 19(1), 29–49. https://doi.org/10.2307/249710
Susanto, A., & Bahaweres, R. B. (2013). Preliminary research on e-government development overview: An assessment on e-Government capabilities in Indonesia. 2013 International Conference of Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 444–447. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoICT.2013.6574617
Symantec. (2017). Internet Security Threat Report (ISTR), Volume 22, pp. 24. USA: Symantec Corporation
The Republic of Indonesia, Presidential Instruction of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2003 concerning National Policy and Strategy for E-Government Development
The Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions
The Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 14 of 2008 concerning Public Information Disclosure
The Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 43 of 2009 concerning Archival
The Republic of Indonesia, Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Number 6 of 2011 concerning The Procedure of Electronic Services in Government Agencies
The Republic of Indonesia, Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 81 of 2010 concerning Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform 2010-2025
The Republic of Indonesia, Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 95 of 2018 concerning Electronic-Based Government Systems
The Republic of Indonesia, Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2019 concerning the Ministry of Education and Culture
The Republic of Indonesia, Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 2 of 2019 concerning Instructions for the Implementation of the Electronic Office of The Ministry of Education and Culture
The Republic of Indonesia, Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform Number 25 of 2020 concerning Bureaucratic Reform Road Map 2020-2024
The Republic of Indonesia, Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 62 of 2021 concerning the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology
Wicaksono, K. W., & Ismail, H. H. (2015). Penerapan Prinsip-prinsip Administrasi dalam Birokrasi Indonesia (Sebuah Telaah Kritis terhadap Reformasi Birokrasi di Indonesia Berdasarkan Perspektif Prinsip-prinsip Administrasi). Jurnal Bina Praja: Journal of Home Affairs Governance, 5(3), 163–167. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.05.2013.163-168
Yusof, M. Mohd., Kuljis, J., Papazafeiropoulou, A., & Stergioulas, L. K. (2008). An evaluation framework for Health Information Systems: human, organization and technology-fit factors (HOT-fit). International Journal of Medical Informatics, 77(6), 386–398. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2007.08.011
ZamZami, I., Mahmud, M., & Abubakar, A. (2014). Information Quality Evaluation of mobile-Government (mGovernment) Services. In C. Stephanidis (Ed.), HCI International 2014 - Posters’ Extended Abstracts (pp. 280–285). Springer International Publishing.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
With the receipt of the article by the Editorial Board of the Journal of Governance and Public Policy and it was decided to be published, then the copyright regarding the article will be diverted to Journal of Governance and Public Policy.
We hold the copyright regarding all the published articles and have the right to multiply and distribute the article under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. (CC BY NC).
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
COPYRIGHT TRANSFER FORM
The Copyright Transfer Agreement can be downloaded HERE.
please fill, sign, scan and send it back in PDF format to jgpp@umy.university.
