Pengaruh Kebiasaan Buruk Oral terhadap Malrelasi Gigi pada Anak Panti Asuhan Usia 7-13 Tahun

Authors

  • Trianita Lydianna Departemen Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
  • Desi Utari Departemen Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18196/di.v10i2.12796

Keywords:

Anak, Kebiasaan Buruk, Malrelasi Gigi

Abstract

Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi anak turut dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik serta mental anak. Kebiasaan buruk oral merupakan suatu kebiasaan yang ditandai dengan durasi sedikitnya enam jam sehari dan dapat menyebabkan malrelasi gigi apabila frekuensi dan intensitasnya cukup tinggi. Anak yang tidak memiliki orangtua atau keluarga, atau tinggal di panti asuhan biasanya kurang mendapatkan kasih sayang yang cukup. Munculnya kebiasaan buruk oral merupakan salah satu cara mereka untuk mendapatkan kenyamanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kebiasaan buruk oral terhadap malrelasi gigi pada anak usia 7-13 tahun yang tinggal di Panti Asuhan Nurul Haq Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sebanyak 26 anak dilakukan pemeriksaan untuk melihat relasi giginya, kemudian dilakukan wawancara mendalam, dan pencetakan rahang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Prevalensi mengisap ibu jari sebesar 30.7%; menggigit jari sebesar 11.5%; menggigit kuku, bibir, prolonged bottle-feeding, dan bruxism sebesar 7.7%; dan bernapas lewat mulut 3.8%. Prevalensi protrusi sebesar 23.1%; open bite sebesar 15.4%; deep bite sebesar 11.5%; dan cross bite sebesar 7.7%. Signifikansi nilai uji chi-square sebesar 0.008 (p<0.05). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh kebiasaan buruk oral terhadap malrelasi gigi pada anak panti asuhan usia 7-13 tahun.

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Published

2021-11-28

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): November

Section

Articles

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