The Dental Students’ Compliance To The Covid-19 Health Protocols In Private Universities In Indonesia: Cross-Sectional Survey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/di.v14i1.25226Keywords:
COVID-19, compliance level, protocol, dental students, preventive measuresAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about extensive changes in human lifestyles as individuals adopt preventive measures through health protocols. Dental students, playing a pivotal role in society, are particularly instrumental in implementing these protocols within their families and communities. This study aims to evaluate the compliance of dental students with COVID-19 protocols at five private universities in Indonesia and explore associated factors. This study was carried out by distributing validated online questionnaires to college students enrolled in undergraduate and professional dental programs. The questionnaire encompassed five questions assessing the adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures gained from 706 participants and was analyzed using statistical methods, including chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. Descriptive analysis revealed that 51.1% of students adhered to COVID-19 protocols. Notably, female students exhibited significantly higher compliance, with an odds ratio of 2.361 (p < 0.001). On the contrary, variables such as student group, academic year, parental education levels, family size, and the presence of vulnerable family members showed no significant associations (p ≥ 0.05). Gender and students' comorbid disease history emerge as influential factors affecting their compliance with COVID-19 protocols.
References
Dadras O, Alinaghi SAS, Karimi A, et al. Effects of COVID-19 prevention procedures on other common infections: a systematic review. Eur J Med Res. 2021;26(1):67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-021-00539-1
Muto K, Yamamoto I, Nagasu M, Tanaka M, Wada K. Japanese citizens’ behavioral changes and preparedness against COVID-19: An online survey during the early phase of the pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(6):e0234292. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234292
Gupta S, Hayek SS, Wang W, et al. Factors associated with death in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in the US. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Jul 15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32667668
Ding Y, Du X, Li Q, et al. Risk perception of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its related factors among college students in China during quarantine. PLoS One. 2020;15(8):e0237626. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237626
Adli I, et al. Knowledge, attitude, and practice related to the COVID-19 pandemic among undergraduate medical students in Indonesia: A nationwide cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2022;17(1):e0262827. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262827
Ren Y, Feng C, Rasubala L, Malmstrom H, Eliav E. Risk for dental healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 global pandemic: An evidence-based assessment. J Dent. 2020;101:103434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103434
Baraniuk C. Covid-19: What do we know about airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2? BMJ. 2021;373:n1030. https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n1030
Saffar Shahroudi A, Hashemikamangar SS, Ahmed Aljawad ZA, Behniafar B. Dental students' knowledge about protective guidelines for clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2023;13(2):327–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.02.013
Clark C, Davila A, Regis M, Kraus S. Predictors of COVID-19 voluntary compliance behaviors: An international investigation. J Glob Transitions. 2020;2:76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glt.2020.06.003
Ali S, Alam B, Farooqi F, et al. Dental and medical students’ knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19: A cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Eur J Dent. 2020;14(1):97–104. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33285569/
Alzoubi H, Alnawaiseh N, Al-Mnayyis A, et al. COVID-19 – knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical and non-medical university students in Jordan. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(1):17–24. https://microbiologyjournal.org/covid-19-knowledge-attitude-and-practice-among-medical-and-non-medical-university-students-in-jordan/
Al-Maweri S, Tarakji B, Shugaa-Addin B, et al. Infection control: Knowledge and compliance among Saudi undergraduate dental students. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2015;10:Doc10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26199855/
Gallè F, Sabella E, Da Molin G, et al. Understanding knowledge and behaviors related to COVID-19 epidemic in Italian undergraduate students: The EPICO study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(10):3481. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/10/3481
Taye G, Bose L, Beressa T, et al. COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices among people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus attending public health facilities in Ambo, Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist. 2020;13:4203–4214. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S273353
Syadidurrahmah F, Muntahaya F, Islamiyah S, Fitriani T, Nisa H. Perilaku physical distancing mahasiswa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada masa pandemi COVID-19. J Health Promot Behav. 2020;2(1):29–37. https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/ppk/vol2/iss1/4/
Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol. 2020;215:108427. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32325252/
Dagne H, Alemu K, Dagnew B, et al. Prevention practice and associated factors of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak among educated Ethiopians: An online-based cross-sectional survey. ResearchSquare. 2020. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-34504/v1
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisa prihastari

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License
Insisiva Dental Journal : Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Insisiva (IDJ) is licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. This license is acceptable for Free Cultural Works.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Copyright
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).