Penatalaksanaan Stomatitis Alergika Disertai Dermatitis Perioral Akibat Alergi Telur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/di.6180Keywords:
alergi makanan, hipersensitivitas tipe 1, stomatitis alergika, dermatitis perioralAbstract
Pendahuluan: Reaksi hipersensitivitas tipe I merupakan reaksi alergi yang dipicu oleh aktivasi IgE. Hipersensitivitas
tipe I dapat berupa reaksi anafilaktik sistemik atau reaksi lokal yang ditandai oleh inflamasi dan kerusakan epitel
mukosa. Telur ayam dikenal sebagai makanan yang sering memicu alergi akibat kandungan protein di dalamnya
merangsang reaksi sistem imun secara berlebihan pada pasien tertentu. Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini bertujuan membahas
penatalaksanaan stomatitis alergika disertai dermatitis perioral yang disebabkan oleh alergi telur ayam. Kasus:
Seorang wanita berusia 18 tahun datang dengan keluhan utama bibir terasa perih dan tebal serta terdapat sariawan di
lidah yang terasa perih bila disentuh. Keluhan dirasakan sejak pasien mengkonsumsi telur 3 hari sebelumnya. Pasien
memiliki riwayat alergi terhadap telur dan makanan laut. Pemeriksaan ekstraoral menunjukkan edema, deskuamasi
dan hiperpigmentasi di sekitar bibir. Pemeriksaan intraoral menunjukkan deskuamasi pada mukosa labial dan
mukosa bukal, serta bercak putih yang terasa sakit pada dorsum dan lateral lidah. Tatalaksana: Pemeriksaan darah
menunjukkan peningkatan kadar IgE total. Pasien dirawat dengan obat kumur anti-inflamasi non steroid dan dirujuk
untuk pemeriksaan alergi lebih lanjut, serta diberikan krim kortikosteroid topikal untuk mengatasi hiperpigmentasi
dan rasa tebal pada daerah perioral. Pasien dianjurkan menghindari alergen. Perbaikan dicapai dalam 3 minggu dan
pemeriksaan alergi menunjukkan positif alergi terhadap telur. Simpulan: Klinisi harus memahami berbagai manifestasi
reaksi hipersensitivitas agar dapat menegakkan diagnosis dengan tepat dan menemukan pemicunya sehingga dapat
memberikan perawatan yang tepat.
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