Periodontitis Kronis dan Penatalaksaan Kasus dengan Kuretase
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/di.8103Keywords:
Kuretase, Peridontitis kronisAbstract
Periodontitis adalah penyakit multifaktorial yang menyebabkan peradangan pada jaringan periodontal. Secara umum penyakit periodontal disebabkan oleh bakteri plak pada permukaan gigi, dimana plak berupa lapisan tipis biofilm yang berisi kumpulan mikroorganisme patogen seperti Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotela intermedia, Tannerella forsythia serta Fusobacterium nucleatum yang merupakan deposit lunak. Eliminasi bakteri dengan kuretase akan menurunkan peradangan periodontal. Tujuan laporan kasus ini adalah menjelaskan respon imun terhadap penyakit periodontitis kronis serta penatalaksanaan kasus dengan kuretase. Kasus seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 52 tahun mengeluhkan gigi kotor dan gusi sering berdarah terutama ketika menyikat giginya. Pemeriksaan intra oral gingiva memerah, tepi bulat dan mengkilap, bleeding on probing positif pada semua regio, probing depth gigi 18-16 rata-rata sebesar 5 mm, terjadi resesi gingiva pada palatal gigi 18 sebesar 4 mm, resesi gingiva 17 pada bagian bukal sebesar 5 mm dan resesi gingiva 16 pada bagian bukal sebesar 6 mm. Hasil pengukuran Oral Hygiene Index sebesar 8,3 (kategori buruk) dan plak indeks sebesar 99%. Pemeriksaan radiografis menunjukkan adanya kerusakan tulang alveolar arah horisontal pada gigi 15, 16, 17, 18. Penatalaksanaan kasus dilakukan scaling, root planing dan kuretase. Kesimpulan dari laporan kasus ini yaitu bakteri plak merupakan penyebab primer dari penyakit periodontal. Perawatan dengan kuretase untuk mengurangi dan menghilangkan penyebab peridontitis serta memperbaiki perlekatan dan merangsang terbentuknya perlekatan baru.
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