Biokompatibilitas Material Titanium Implan Gigi

Cut Yulian Fitriani, Awaludin Wibawa

Abstract


Titanium merupakan bahan material yang sudah umum digunakan dalam kedokteran gigi, contohnya sebagai kawat dan implan gigi. Implan gigi sudah banyak digunakan tidak hanya untuk kebutuhan penggantian gigi yang hilang, akan tetapi juga banyak digunakan untuk mendukung rekonstruksi kraniofasial dan untuk kebutuhan perawatan ortodonsi. Pemilihan bahan dasar titanium diyakini karena memiliki sifat biokompatibilitas yang baik. Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa ketika titanium ditanamkan dalam tulang, jaringan sekitar akan bereaksi terhadap titanium pada tahap awal, dan kekuatan ikatan tulangnya besar. Pemasangan implan gigi berbahan dasar titanium mengaktivasi sistem imun yang menimbulkan reaksi antara host dan bahan biomaterial. Pada proses osseointegrasi terjadi identifikasi dari badan asing titanium oleh sistem imun dan berkembangnya lingkungan yang mendukung proses pembentukan tulang. Hingga saat ini titanium dipercaya masih efektif digunakan sebagai bahan dasar implan gigi.


Keywords


Biokompatibilitas; Implan; Osseointegrasi; Titanium

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/10.18196/di.8208

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