EFEKTIVITAS TIPE-TIPE SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract: Public schools in Indonesia has the advantage of better student input. Almost all secondary schools in the country, especially big cities limit the national test scores (formerly pure Ebtanas value) Primary School as a condition of entry. This paper uses data from IFLS3 and IFLS4 which form the polling cross section for the estimation of the effectiveness of education junior high school in Indonesia. Measures of effectiveness are earnings in the labor market. Empirical results show that the log earnings in the labor market for graduates of public schools is higher than 13.3 percent of graduates of private secular and 30.8 percent higher than the Islamic private school graduates. As for the non-Islamic private school graduates although not significant, but has a positive sign or higher compared to public school graduates. These results do not involve selection bias, involving the presence of selection bias after log earnings differences between graduates of public schools with private graduates enjoyed by graduates of private higher by 51.9 percent, the difference in log earnings between graduates of public schools with graduates of Islamic private higher enjoyed by the country graduate amounted to 84.5 percent, while for log income difference between public school graduates with graduates of other private higher enjoyed by other private graduates by 76.1 percent, although not significantly.

Abstrak: Sekolah negeri di Indonesia memiliki keuntungan dalam input siswa yang lebih baik. Hampir seluruh sekolah menengah pertama negeri khususnya di kota besar membatasi nilai ujian nasional (dahulu nilai ebtanas murni) Sekolah Dasar sebagai syarat masuk. Paper ini menggunakan data IFLS3 dan IFLS4 yang membentuk polling cross section untuk es­timasi efektivitas pendidikan sekolah menengah pertama di Indonesia. Ukuran efekti­vitas yang diambil adalah pendapatan di pasar tenaga kerja. Hasil empiris memperlihatkan bahwa log pendapatan di pasar tenaga kerja bagi lulusan sekolah negeri lebih tinggi 13,3 persen diban­dingkan lulusan swasta sekuler dan 30,8 persen lebih tinggi dibandingkan lulusan sekolah swasta Islam. Sementara untuk lulusan sekolah swasta non Islam meskipun tidak signifikan tetapi memiliki tanda positif atau lebih tinggi dibandingkan lulusan sekolah negeri. Hasil tersebut belum melibatkan selection bias, setelah melibatkan adanya selection bias perbedaan log pendapatan antara lulusan sekolah negeri dengan lulusan swasta dinikmati lebih tinggi oleh lulusan swasta sebesar 51,9 persen, perbedaan log pendapatan antara lulusan sekolah negeri dengan lulusan swasta Islam dinikmati lebih tinggi oleh lulusan negeri sebesar 84,5 persen, sementara untuk perbedaan log pendapatan antara lulusan sekolah negeri dengan lulusan swasta lain dinikmati lebih tinggi oleh lulusan swasta lain sebesar 76,1 persen walau tidak signifikan.