ANALISIS EMPIRIS ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE (EKC) TERKAIT ORIENTASI ENERGI

Dea Yustisia

Abstract


Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for panel data of three classifications of countries according to development level and energy orientation, such as consumption of energy, export of energy, import of energy, and share of renewable energy consumption over the period 1991-2010. We use the panel data method to estimate the model for three classifications of countries and do some treatment tests for the data. In general, we find support for the EKC only for middle development countries and for its rejection in other cases and there are different types of energy sources which are significantly affected emission per capita in every country classification. We also found that renewable energy has an important role for sustainable development and we may conclude that investment and joint agreement in clean energy can be significant factors to actualize sustainable development.

 

Abstrak: Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi eksis­tensi Kurva Lingkungan Kuznets (EKC) pada data panel dari tiga klasifikasi negara menurut tingkat pembangunan ekonomi dan orientasi energi, seperti halnya konsumsi energi, ekspor energi, impor energi, dan penggunaan energi alternatif pada periode 1991-2010. Kami menggunakan metode data panel untuk mengestimasi model pada tiga klasifikasi negara dan melakukan tes beberapa metode ekonometrika dan statistika untuk data. Secara umum, ditemukan bahwa pembuktian untuk teori EKC hanya pada negara dengan tingkat pem­bangunan menengah dan terdapat penolakan dalam kasus kategori negara lainnya, serta adanya perbedaan jenis sumber energi yang signifikan mempengaruhi emisi per kapita di setiap klasifikasi negara. Kami juga menemukan bahwa energi alternatif memiliki peran penting bagi pembangunan berkelanjutan dan kami dapat menyimpulkan bahwa investasi dan kesepakatan bersama dalam energi ramah lingkungan dapat menjadi faktor yang signifikan untuk mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan.

 


Keywords


environmental kuznets curve (EKC); pollution; energy; panel data; development

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