Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat dalam Sengketa Laut Tiongkok Selatan pada Masa Pemerintahan Presiden Barack Obama

Arief Bakhtiar Darmawan, Gebyar Lintang Ndadari

Abstract


This article aims to analyze the United States (U.S.) involvement in the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. It argues that U.S. involvement has strong reasons and gives significant impact on the region. Jurisdictional claims in the SCS amongst claimants have increased the military activities in the region.Therefore, U.S. needs to increase its presence and involvement in the disputed area. These actions are intended to maintain U.S. interests in the region and secure its national security in the SCS, especially to preserve American global leadership and to maintain peace and stability. Using the concept of balance of power and national security, this article explains that U.S. involvement causes the status quo in the SCS. Although the U.S. is working closely with the Philippines and Vietnam to be a balance of power in the region, U.S. involvement does not use the military power or conflict against China in the SCS.


Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterlibatan Amerika Serikat (AS) dalam sengketa Laut Tiongkok Selatan (LTS). Artikel ini berargumen bahwa keterlibatan AS tersebut memiliki alasan yang kuat dan memberi pengaruh yang signifikan atas situasi yang terjadi di kawasan tersebut. Klaim tumpang-tindih enam pihak atau negara atas wilayah LTS telah meningkatkan ketegangan di kawasan. Hal itu membuat AS memperkuat kehadiran dan keterlibatannya di kawasan tersebut. Keterlibatan AS merupakan bagian dari upaya AS untuk memelihara keamanan dan kepentingan nasional atas LTS, serta menjaga kepemimpinan global, perdamaian, dan stabilitas di kawasan. Dengan menggunakan konsep perimbangan kekuatan dan keamanan nasional, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan AS menyebabkan status quo atas apa yang terjadi dalam wilayah LTS. Meskipun AS bekerja sama dengan Filipina dan Vietnam untuk menjadi kekuatan penyeimbang kekuatan di kawasan, namun keterlibatan AS tidak sampai pada penggunaan kekuatan militer atau konflik terbuka melawan Tiongkok di LTS.


Keywords


United States involvement; the South China Sea dispute; the balance of power; national security; The Philippines; Vietnam

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.61100

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