Improving Employee Performance through IT Engagement: The Roles of Individual Experience and Management Support

Main Article Content

Desi Lavianti
Munir Munir
Puspo Dewi Dirgantari
Rasim Rasim
Mohd Halim bin Mahphoth

Abstract

Research aims: Employee IT engagement is a critical component in the successful implementation of digital transformation. Both prior IT experience and support from upper management significantly influence the extent of employee involvement in IT. This study aims to explore the relationship between employee IT engagement, management's support, and understanding of employees' IT experiences, and how these factors impact employee performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative method was employed through a survey involving 227 employees of PTNBH, examining the relationships between Individual IT Experience, Management Support, Employee IT Engagement, and Employee Performance.
Research findings: The analysis reveals a strong correlation between management support, employee IT engagement and experience; all of which positively influence employee performance. Employee performance is enhanced through both direct and indirect effects of management support and individual’s experiences on IT engagement. The correlation between employees’ IT involvement and performance is statistically significant. Furthermore, the study underscores the critical role of management in promoting IT utilization for optimal performance outcomes and highlights the substantial impact of employees' individual IT experiences on their performance.
Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes theoretically by presenting an integrative model and practically by providing recommendations for PTNBH managers to accelerate digital transformation success.
Practitioners/Policy Implications: The practical implications include recommendations for PTNBH managers to drive digital transformation successfully.
Research Limitations/Implications: The research is limited to personnel at legal entity universities. Future studies should expand the sample to include employees from universities, whether academic institutions or government agencies.

Article Details

How to Cite
Lavianti, D., Munir, M., Dirgantari, P. D., Rasim, R., & Mahphoth, M. H. bin. (2025). Improving Employee Performance through IT Engagement: The Roles of Individual Experience and Management Support. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 16(2), 296–317. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v16i2.26069
Section
Articles

References

Abdullahi, M., Raman, K., & Solarin, S. (2021). Effect of organizational culture on employee performance: A mediating role of employee engagement in Malaysia educational sector. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 8(3), 232–246. https://doi.org/10.22034/IJSOM.2021.3.1

Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/joepp-08-2014-0042

Al-dalahmeh, M., Masa’deh, R., Abu Khalaf, R. K., & Obeidat, B. Y. (2018). The Effect of Employee Engagement on Organizational Performance Via the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction: The Case of IT Employees in Jordanian Banking Sector. Modern Applied Science, 12(6), 17. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n6p17

Almaaitah, M. F., Al-Rwaidan, R. M., Al-Adamat, A. M., Enaizan, O., & Alserhan, A. F. (2024). The impact of e-human resource management on employee performance: The mediating role of employee engagement in Jordanian service and public administration commission. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(9), 6763. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.6763

Alomari, A. M. (2023). Exploring the impact of e-HRM on organizational performance: A mediated model. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(4), 1913–1920. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.7.002

Aral, S., Brynjolfsson, E., & Van Alstyne, M. (2012). Information, Technology, and Information Worker Productivity. Information Systems Research, 23(3-part-2), 849–867. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1110.0408

Arshad, M. A. B., & Ming, P. N. (2023). Effects of Leadership Styles on Employee Performance During Crisis: In the Background of COVID-19 in China. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(12). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i12/19489

Bakker, A. B. (2011). An Evidence-Based Model of Work Engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands‐Resources model: state of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115

Balycheva, Y., & Golichenko, O. (2020). Innovation activities and employment level: an empirical assessment of Russian manufacturing companies. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE.

Bapna, R., Langer, N., Mehra, A., Gopal, R., & Gupta, A. (2013). Human Capital Investments and Employee Performance: An Analysis of IT Services Industry. Management Science, 59(3), 641–658. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1120.1586

Barlette, Y., & Baillette, P. (2022). Big data analytics in turbulent contexts: towards organizational change for enhanced agility. Production Planning and Control, 33(2–3), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2020.1810755

Barrick, M. R., Thurgood, G. R., Smith, T. A., & Courtright, S. H. (2015). Collective Organizational Engagement: Linking Motivational Antecedents, Strategic Implementation, and Firm Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 58(1), 111–135. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0227

Boccoli, G., Gastaldi, L., & Corso, M. (2023). The evolution of employee engagement: Towards a social and contextual construct for balancing individual performance and wellbeing dynamically. International Journal of Management Reviews, 25(1), 75–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12304

Capatina, A., Juarez-Varon, D., Micu, A., & Micu, A. E. (2024). Leveling up in corporate training: Unveiling the power of gamification to enhance knowledge retention, knowledge sharing, and job performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(3), 100530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100530

Chen, J.-S., & Tsou, H.-T. (2012). Performance effects of IT capability, service process innovation, and the mediating role of customer service. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 29(1), 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2011.09.007

Deng, H., Duan, S. X., & Wibowo, S. (2023). Digital technology driven knowledge sharing for job performance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 27(2), 404–425. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-08-2021-0637

Dirgantari, P. (2023). Does Individual IT Experience Affect Shadow IT Usage? Empirical Evidence from Universities with Legal Entities in Indonesia. Organizacija, 56(3), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2023-0018

Fu, Q., Abdul Rahman, A. A., Jiang, H., Abbas, J., & Comite, U. (2022). Sustainable Supply Chain and Business Performance: The Impact of Strategy, Network Design, Information Systems, and Organizational Structure. Sustainability, 14(3), 1080. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031080

Gandrita, D. M. (2023). Improving Strategic Planning: The Crucial Role of Enhancing Relationships between Management Levels. Administrative Sciences, 13(10), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13100211

Gelaidan, H. M., Al-Swidi, A. K., & Al-Hakimi, M. A. (2023). Servant and authentic leadership as drivers of innovative work behaviour: the moderating role of creative self-efficacy. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(6), 1938–1966. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejim-07-2022-0382

Grzesiak, L., & Ulrych, W. (2024). How management support and diversity factors affect employee performance within the digital workplace. Central European Management Journal, 33(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/cemj-06-2023-0238

Gupta, N., & Sharma, V. (2016). Exploring Employee Engagement—A Way to Better Business Performance. Global Business Review, 17(3_suppl), 45S-63S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916631082

Hair, J., & Alamer, A. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in second language and education research: Guidelines using an applied example. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 1(3), 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027

Jarvenpaa, S. L., & Ives, B. (1991). Executive Involvement and Participation in the Management of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 15(2), 205–227. https://doi.org/10.2307/249382

Kataria, A., Rashmi, K., & Rastogi, M. (2022). Fostering change-oriented OCBS: an analysis of India’s IT talent. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 17(1), 57–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/jabs-03-2021-0135

Kumar, M., Mamgain, P., Pasumarti, S. S., & Singh, P. K. (2022). Organizational IT support and knowledge sharing behaviour affecting service innovation performance: empirical evidence from the hospitality industry. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 54(2), 256–279. https://doi.org/10.1108/vjikms-07-2021-0124

Malik, A., Budhwar, P., Mohan, H., & Srikanth, N. R. (2022). Employee experience –the missing link for engaging employees: Insights from an MNE’s AI-based HR ecosystem. Human Resource Management, 62(1), 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22133

Mansor, F. A., Mat Jusoh, Y. H., Hashim, M. Z., Muhammad, N., & Omar, S. N. Z. (2023). Employee engagement and organizational performance. International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business (IJAFB), 8(50), 69–80.

Matende, S., & Ogao, P. (2013). Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Implementation: A Case for User Participation. Procedia Technology, 9, 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2013.12.058

Meng, J., & Berger, B. K. (2019). The impact of organizational culture and leadership performance on PR professionals’ job satisfaction: Testing the joint mediating effects of engagement and trust. Public Relations Review, 45(1), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.11.002

Molino, M., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2020). The Promotion of Technology Acceptance and Work Engagement in Industry 4.0: From Personal Resources to Information and Training. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072438

Nazir, O., & Islam, J. U. (2017). Enhancing organizational commitment and employee performance through employee engagement. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 98–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/sajbs-04-2016-0036

Nurfitriansyah, Munir, Disman, & Dirgantari, P. (2023). Does Individual IT Experience Affect Shadow IT Usage? Empirical Evidence from Universities with Legal Entities in Indonesia. Organizacija, 56(3), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2023-0018

Nyathi, M., & Kekwaletswe, R. (2023). Electronic human resource management (e-HRM) configuration for organizational success: inclusion of employee outcomes as contextual variables. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 11(1), 196–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/joepp-08-2022-0237

Oakland, J. S., & Tanner, S. (2007). Successful Change Management. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 18(1–2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360601042890

Park, T.-Y., & Shaw, J. D. (2013). Turnover rates and organizational performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(2), 268–309. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030723

Pea-Assounga, J. B. B., & Bindel Sibassaha, J. L. (2024). Impact of technological change, employee competency, and law compliance on digital human resource practices: Evidence from congo telecom. Sustainable Futures, 7, 100195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100195

Podgorodnichenko, N., Edgar, F., & Akmal, A. (2022). An integrative literature review of the CSR-HRM nexus: Learning from research-practice gaps. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100839

Rambulangi, V., Tampi, Jony. R. E., & Tulusan, F. M. G. (2024). Analysis of Employee Performance at the Bahu Subdistrict Office: Study on Aspects of Quality, Quantity, Timeliness, Effectiveness and Work Independence. Journal La Bisecoman, 5(1), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.37899/journallabisecoman.v5i1.1029

Rasool, S. F., Wang, M., Tang, M., Saeed, A., & Iqbal, J. (2021). How Toxic Workplace Environment Effects the Employee Engagement: The Mediating Role of Organizational Support and Employee Wellbeing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052294

Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.698

Rožman, M., Oreški, D., & Tominc, P. (2023). Artificial-Intelligence-Supported Reduction of Employees’ Workload to Increase the Company’s Performance in Today’s VUCA Environment. Sustainability, 15(6), 5019. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065019

Sadikoglu, E., & Zehir, C. (2010). Investigating the effects of innovation and employee performance on the relationship between total quality management practices and firm performance: An empirical study of Turkish firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 127(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.02.013

Saks, A. M., Gruman, J. A., & Zhang, Q. (2021). Organization engagement: a review and comparison to job engagement. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 9(1), 20–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/joepp-12-2020-0253

Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Handbook of Market Research, 587–632. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15

Selimović, J., Pilav-Velić, A., & Krndžija, L. (2021). Digital workplace transformation in the financial service sector: Investigating the relationship between employees’ expectations and intentions. Technology in Society, 66, 101640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101640

Shakir, M., Al Farsi, M. J., Al-Shamsi, I. R., Shannaq, B., & Ghilan Al-Madhagy, T.-H. (2024). The Influence of Mobile Information Systems Implementation on Enhancing Human Resource Performance Skills: An Applied Study in a Small Organization. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 18(13), 37–68. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v18i13.47027

Sharma, A., & Nambudiri, R. (2020). Work engagement, job crafting and innovativeness in the Indian IT industry. Personnel Review, 49(7), 1381–1397. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2019-0607

So, B. H., Kim, J. H., Ro, Y. J., & Song, J. H. (2021). Developing a measurement scale for employee engagement: a validation study in a South Korean context. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(5/6), 585–606. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-11-2020-0155

Stirpe, L., Profili, S., & Sammarra, A. (2022). Satisfaction with HR practices and employee performance: A moderated mediation model of engagement and health. European Management Journal, 40(2), 295–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.06.003

Stone, D. L., Deadrick, D. L., Lukaszewski, K. M., & Johnson, R. (2015). The influence of technology on the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 216–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.01.002

Sypniewska, B., Baran, M., & Kłos, M. (2023). Work engagement and employee satisfaction in the practice of sustainable human resource management – based on the study of Polish employees. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 19(3), 1069–1100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-023-00834-9

Talukder, A. K. M., Vickers, M., & Khan, A. (2018). Supervisor support and work-life balance. Personnel Review, 47(3), 727–744. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-12-2016-0314

Tanjung, B. N. (2020). Human Resources (HR) In Education Management. Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal, 3(2), 1240–1249. https://doi.org/10.33258/birle.v3i2.1056

Tenakwah, E. S., Erdiaw-Kwasie, M. O., Asiedu, E., & Al Aina, R. (2023). Unleashing the power of support: how co-worker and supervisor support mediate firm performance through performance management. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 31(6), 1922–1940. https://doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2022-0402

Tiwari, R., Babu T, N. S., Marda, K., Mishra, A., Bhattar, S., & Ahluwalia, A. (2024). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace and its Effect on the Digital Wellbeing of Employees. Journal for Studies in Management and Planning, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10936348

Trifunovic, B. (2024). Examining the impact of managerial support on the performance of healthcare organizations: The mediating role of employee autonomy. Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo, 152(11–12), 579–586. https://doi.org/10.2298/sarh240424080t

Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x

Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540

Verkijika, S. F., & De Wet, L. (2014). The effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on customer satisfaction: An empirical investigation of self-service technology adoption in the banking sector. In Proceedings of the 2014 Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS 2014). https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2014/EndUserIS/GeneralPresentations/7/

Widodo, S. D., Rubiyanti, N., Widodo, A., & Silvianita, A. (2024). The Role of Digital Transformation in Improving Employee Performance. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 7(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v7i1.3181

Zhang, M. F., Dawson, J. F., & Kline, R. B. (2020). Evaluating the Use of Covariance‐Based Structural Equation Modelling with Reflective Measurement in Organizational and Management Research: A Review and Recommendations for Best Practice. British Journal of Management, 32(2), 257–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12415