Kinerja Boiler dengan Sistem Pembakaran Bersama antara Ampas Tebu dengan Sekam Padi dan Cangkang Kelapa Sawit

Saptyaji Harnowo, Yunaidi Yunaidi

Abstract


Operasional boiler di sebagian besar pabrik gula saat ini banyak yang mengalami kekurangan pasokan bahan bakar ampas tebu karena penurunan kapasitas giling. Kondisi ini menimbulkan masalah terhadap kontinuitas pasokan energi uap dan listrik di pabrik gula, sehingga untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut banyak dilakukan dengan penambahan bahan bakar alternatif dengan model pembakaran bersama (co-firing). Penelitian ini mencoba melakukan kajian model pembakaran bersama ampas tebu dengan sekam padi dan cangkang kelapa sawit berbasis persentase berat bahan bakar. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan data operasional boiler di pabrik gula Trangkil saat musim giling tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi tekanan, kapasitas, dan temperatur uap, serta temperatur air masuk boiler dan temperatur gas buang. Analisis bahan bakar yang dilakukan adalah uji proksimat dan ultimat. Perhitungan dan simulasi pemakaian bahan bakar, kebutuhan volume furnace, efisiensi, dan rugi-rugi boiler dilakukan menggunakan bantuan analisis software Firecad WTPB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa co-firing dapat menaikkan efisiensi boiler, menurunkan rugi-rugi boiler, menurunkan pemakaian bahan bakar dan kebutuhan volume furnace, serta menurunkan kecepatan gas buang di sekitar pipa-pipa uap utama. Mitigasi risiko harus dilakukan karena sistem ini dapat meningkatkan temperatur furnace, yang dapat meningkatkan potensi slagging dan fouling sehingga mengganggu kinerja boiler saat musim giling.


Keywords


Boiler; Co-firing; Ampas Tebu; Sekam Padi; Cangkang Kelapa Sawit

Full Text:

PDF

References


ASME. (2008). Fired steam generators performance test codes. New York, NY: American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Asosiasi Gula Indonesia. (2020). National sugar summit 2020. Buletin AGI IKAGI Edisi 5, 1–60.

Baxter, L. (2005). Biomass-coal co-combustion: Opportunity for affordable renewable energy. Fuel, 84(10), 1295–1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.09.023

De Palma, K. R., García-Hernando, N., Silva, M. A., Tomaz, E., & Soria-Verdugo, A. (2019). Pyrolysis and combustion kinetic study and complementary study of ash fusibility behavior of sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane straw, and their pellets - Case study of agro-industrial residues. Energy and Fuels, 33(4), 3227–3238. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04288

Dzurenda, L., & Banski, A. (2017). Influence of moisture content of combusted wood on the thermal efficiency of a boiler. Archives of Thermodynamics, 38(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoter-2017-0004

Fauzan, M. R. (2020). Sinergi BUMN & swasta, Perhutani kembangkan industri non-kayu. Retrieved from https://www.wartaekonomi.co.id/read298975/sinergi-bumn-swasta-perhutani-kembangkan-industri-non-kayu

Fredericci, C., Ett, G., Lenz e Silva, G. F. B., Neto, J. B. F., Landgraf, F. J. G., Indelicato, R. L., & Ribeiro, T. R. (2014). An analysis of Brazilian sugarcane bagasse ash behavior under thermal gasification. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-014-0015-z

Horák, J., Kuboňová, L., Dej, M., Laciok, V., Tomšejová, Š., Hopan, F., & Koloničný, J. (2019). Effects of the type of biomass and ashing temperature on the properties of solid fuel ashes. Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 21(2), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2019-0019

Kemenperin. (2021). Kemenperin jaga ketersediaan bahan baku gula untuk industri mamin. Retrieved from https://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/22284/Kemenperin-Jaga-Ketersediaan-Bahan-Baku-Gula-untuk-Industri-Mamin

Li, W., Li, Q., Zhang, Y., & Meng, A. (2013). Ashing temperature’s impact on the characteristics of biomass ash. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 261–262, 217–223. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.260-261.217

M.Raut, S., Kumbhare, S. B., & Thakur, K. C. (2014). Energy performance assessment of boiler at P.S.S.K. Ltd, Basmathnagar, Maharashtra State. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4(12), 1–12.

McIntyre, P. (2013). Case studies of biomass co firing. FFF OIB Workshop, John Thompson Boiler and Environmental Solution, (September), 2013.

Nasution, D. D. (2021a). Kementan: Lahan tebu terus berkurang, daya saing menurun. Retrieved from https://republika.co.id/berita/qkal0w370/kementan-lahan-tebu-terus-berkurang-daya-saing-menurun

Nasution, D. D. (2021b). Produksi gula 2020 capai 2,13 juta ton. Retrieved April 28, 2021, from https://republika.co.id/berita/qmgl6w370/produksi-gula-2020-capai-213-juta-ton

Naude, D. P. (2001). Combustion of bagasse & woodwaste in boilers for integration into a cogeneration steam cycle. In Proceedings of the 2001 Conference of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists held at Mackay, Queensland, Australia (p. pp.384-389 ref.4).

Ninduangdee, P., & Kuprianov, V. I. (2018). Co-combustion of rice husk pellets and moisturized rice husk in a fluidized-bed combustor using fuel staging at a conventional air supply. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.14456/sjst-psu.2018.134

Orang, N., & Tran, H. (2015). Effect of feedstock moisture content on biomass boiler operation. TAPPI Journal, 14(10), 629-636.

P3GI. (2016). Laporan audit pabrik gula PTPN IX tahun 2016. Surakarta.

Panchal, R., Shinde, S., & Panchal, S. (2016). Effect of Bagasse Moisture on Boiler Performance. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(1), 1–8.

Patel, D. T., & Modi, K. V. (2016). Performance evaluation of industrial boiler by heat loss method ., 2(3), 2081–2088. Retrieved from http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Performance_evaluation_of_industrial_boiler_by_heat_loss_method__ijariie2348.pdf

Rein, P. (2016). Cane Sugar Engineering 2nd edition. Verlag Dr. Albert Bartens KG.

Wang, X., Rahman, Z. U., Lv, Z., Zhu, Y., Ruan, R., Deng, S., … Tan, H. (2021). Experimental study and design of biomass co-firing in a full-scale coal-fired furnace with storage pulverizing system. Agronomy, 11(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY11040810

Yang, H., Zhang, H., Yang, S., Yue, G., Su, J., & Fu, Z. (2009). Effect of bed pressure drop on performance of a CFB boiler. Energy and Fuels, 23(6), 2886–2890. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef900025h

Yunaidi, Surahmanto, F., & Harnowo, S. (2020). The risk analysis of rice husk of co-firing fuel for boilers in sugar mills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1446(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1446/1/012041




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/st.v24i2.12937

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Saptyaji Harnowo, Yunaidi Yunaidi

Editorial Office :

SEMESTA TEKNIKA

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Jln. Brawijaya Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul 55183 Indonesia

Telp:(62)274-387656, Fax.:(62)274-387656

Email: semesta_teknika@umy.ac.id, semestateknika@umy.university

Website: http://http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/st

Creative Commons License

Semesta Teknika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.