Fabrication and Characterization of PVC-Based Nanofiber Membranes for Water Filtration Application

Harini Sosiati, Fachri Ramadhan, M. Budi Nur Rahman

Abstract


Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dissolved in N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and filled with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has been studied for water treatment applications due to the material being hydrophobic, rigid, and biodegradable. However, it does not have antibacterial properties. The chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) as a natural antibacterial polymer are added into PEO/PVC blend to fabricate nanofiber membranes for well water filtration. We investigate the effects of adding PEO and CSNPs to PVC on the morphology, tensile properties, water contact angle, and water filtration efficiency of the nanofiber membranes. The PEO-PVC polymer solutions are dissolved in DMAC by varying concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% PEO (w/w), then fabricated to be the nanofiber membranes by the electrospinning technique. The PEO/PVC membrane’s contact angle decreases with the PEO concentration and by adding 1% CSNPs. This trend aligns with the average nanofiber diameter but is opposite to the tensile strength. The 1% CSNPs/4% PEO/PVC membrane has shown 78% and 92% efficiency in filtering Coliform and Colitinja bacteria in the well water, respectively.

Keywords


Chitosan nanoparticle; PEO; PVC; nanofiber membrane; water filtration

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alarifi, I. M., Alharbi, A. R., Khan, M., Khan, W. S., Usta, A., & Asmatulu, R. (2018). Water treatment using electrospun PVC/PVP nanofibers as filter medium. International Journal of Material Science and Research, 2(1), 43–49. https://doi.org/10.18689/ijmsr-1000107

Asmatulu, R., Muppalla, H., Veisi, Z., Khan, W. S., Asaduzzaman, A., & Nuraje, N. (2013). Study of hydrophilic electrospun nanofiber membranes for filtration of micro and nanosize suspended particles. Membranes, 3(4), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes3040375

Bhran, A., Shoaib, A., Elsadeq, D., El-gendi, A., & Abdallah, H. (2018). Preparation of PVC/PVP composite polymer membranes via phase inversion process for water treatment purposes. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 26(4), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2017.09.003

Chen, H., Yuan, Z., Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Li, K., Zhao, D., Li, S., Shi, P., & Tang, J. (2009). Preparation, characterization, and wettability of porous superhydrophobic poly (vinyl chloride) surface. Journal of Porous Materials, 16(4), 447–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-008-9217-8

Felt, O., Buri, P., & Gurni, R. (1998). Chitosan: A unique polysaccharide for drug delivery. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 24(11), 979–993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049809089942

Grause, G., Hirahashi, S., Toyoda, H., Kameda, T., & Yoshioka, T. (2017). Solubility parameters for determining optimal solvents for separating PVC from PVC-coated PET fibers. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 19(2), 612–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-015-0457-9

Homaeigohar, S., & Elbahri, M. (2014). Nanocomposite electrospun nanofiber membranes for environmental remediation. Materials, 7(2), 1017–1045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7021017

Ma, H., & Hsiao, B. S. (2018). Current advances on nanofiber membranes for water purification applications. Filtering Media by Electrospinning: Next Generation Membranes for Separation Applications, 25–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78163-1_2

Pham, L. Q., Uspenskaya, M. V., Olekhnovich, R. O., & Bernal, R. A. O. (2021). A review on electrospun pvc nanofibers: Fabrication, properties, and application. Fibers, 9(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib9020012

Rošic, R., Kocbek, P., Baumgartner, S., & Kristl, J. (2011). Electrospun chitosan/PEO nanofibers and their relevance in biomedical application. IFMBE Proceedings, 37, 1296–1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23508-5_335

Sosiati, H., Kusuma, A. S., & Krisdiyanto. (2022). Characterization of the properties of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs)/PEO nanofibrous membranes. Materials Science Forum, 1053 MSF, 109–115. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-6lxwi5

Sosiati, H., Revarti, A., Surya, A., & Hata, S. (2022). Preparation and characterization of non-woven nanofibrous membranes of chitosan and poly(ethylene oxide) in a high ethanol concentration. J. Southwest Jiaotong University, 57(1), 168–180.

Sosiati, H., Suhandra, I., Ramadhan, M., Yuda, F. A. K., & Iriani, Y. (2022). Chitosan/PVA nanofibrous membranes as air filter material. Materials Science Forum, 1073 MSF, 133–141.

Tang, Y., Cai, Z., Sun, X., Chong, C., Yan, X., Li, M., & Xu, J. (2022). Electrospun nanofiber-based membranes for water treatment. Polymers, 14, 2004–2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102004

Tlili, I., & Alkanhal, T. A. (2019). Nanotechnology for water purification: Electrospun nanofibrous membrane in water and wastewater treatment. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, 9(3), 232–247. https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2019.057




DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/st.v26i1.18476

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Harini Sosiati, Fachri Ramadhan, M. Budi Nur Rahman

Editorial Office :

SEMESTA TEKNIKA

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Jln. Brawijaya Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul 55183 Indonesia

Telp:(62)274-387656, Fax.:(62)274-387656

Email: semesta_teknika@umy.ac.id, semestateknika@umy.university

Website: http://http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/st

Creative Commons License

Semesta Teknika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.