Metode Pembelajaran Kosakata bagi Pembelajar Bahasa Jepang: Dari Grammar-Translation ke Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/jjlel.v5i1.10534Keywords:
Pembelajaran kosakata, Bahasa Jepang, grammar-translation, Kahoot!, Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition (CVA)Abstract
Penguasaan kosa kata merupakan hal yang penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara, metode pembelajaran kosakata siswa angkatan 2018 di program studi D3 Bahasa Jepang, Sekolah Vokasi, Unversitas Gadjah Mada, menggunakan metode grammar-translation. Siswa juga diperkenalkan pada pemerolehan kosa kata dalam konteks (Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition/CVA). Untuk membandingkan efektivitas metode-metode tersebut, dilakukan eksperimen yang melibatkan 18 siswa. Siswa dibagi dalam 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 menggunakan metode grammar-translation konvensional, dan kelompok 2 menggunakan metode yang sama, namun diberi intervensi berupa pembelajaran kosa kata visual menggunakan aplikasi Kahoot!. Siswa diminta menebak kosa kata target dalam bentuk soal kata-per kata di tahap 1, dan menerjemahkan kalimat yang mengandung kosa kata target. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kelompok pengguna Kahoot! menunjukkan hasil lebih baik. Uniknya, pada kedua kelompok, terdapat siswa yang menunjukkan penerapan CVA. Siswa berhasil menebak kosa kata target dalam tes tahap 2, setelah memahami hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan kosa kata tersebut berdasarkan prior knowledge mereka. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pembelajaran kosa-kata sebaiknya mengkombinasikan metode-metode yang sudah ada, agar siswa mendapat petunjuk lengkap mulai dari tataran morfologis hingga visual sehingga mereka dapat menginternalisasi suatu kosa kata dengan sempurna.
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