A Review on Enhancing Power System Transient Stability Using Static VAR Compensator-Based Intelligent Control

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v6i1.24626

Keywords:

Power System Stability, Transient Stability, FACTS Devices, SVC, Intelligent Controller

Abstract

The system's aptitude to maintain synchronism following a significant signal disturbance is recognized as transient stability. The Rotor Angle Stability is understood as the capacity of an interconnected synchronous machine to maintain synchronization on the power supply. Transient stability is a part of the stability of the electrical machine rotor angle. The system's stability must be protected even when facing large disturbances or small signal variations to provide power to the consumer with high dependability. A specific system failure can cause a loss of synchronization between generators and the other parts of the utility system or between associated power systems of nearby utilities. Different controllers and control strategies have been developed and applied to improve power system stability. This article's review explores previous technical works, including various methods and analyses conducted since 2010, to compare different controllers and strategies, and identify emerging trends to enhance power system transient stability using the Static VAR Compensator (SVC).

References

L. Meegahapola, A. Sguarezi, J. S. Bryant, M. Gu, E. R. Conde D., and R. B. A. Cunha, “Power system stability with power-electronic converter interfaced renewable power generation: Present issues and future trends,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 13, 2020, doi: 10.3390/en13133441.

M. A. H. Sadi and M. H. Ali, “A comprehensive analysis of transient stability enhancement methods of electric power system,” 2015 North Am. Power Symp. NAPS 2015, 2015, doi: 10.1109/NAPS.2015.7335132.

J. Shair, H. Li, J. Hu, and X. Xie, “Power system stability issues, classifications and research prospects in the context of high-penetration of renewables and power electronics,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 145, p. 111111, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111111.

L. Wang, C. S. Lam, and M. C. Wong, “Hybrid Structure of Static Var Compensator and Hybrid Active Power Filter (SVC//HAPF) for Medium-Voltage Heavy Loads Compensation,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 4432–4442, 2018, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2017.2772201.

H. Adnan and A. Alsammak, “A Comparison Study of the Most Important Types of the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems(FACTs),” Al-Rafidain Eng. J., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 49–55, 2020.

H. N. A. Al-Kaoaz and A. N. B. Alsammak, “The Impact of Hybrid Power Generations on a Power System’s Voltage Stability,” J. Eur. des Syst. Autom., vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 541–549, 2024.

H. R. Shabani and M. Kalantar, "Real-time transient stability detection in the power system with high penetration of DFIG-based wind farms using transient energy function," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 133, p. 107319, 2021.

R. K. Verma and S. Mishra, “A Study on Transient Stability Improvement of 5-machine 14-bus system using SVC,” International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication (IJRITCC), vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 214-217, 2014.

M. Venkatasubramanian and K. Tomsovic, "7 - Power System Analysis," The Electrical Engineering Handbook, pp. 761-778, 2005, doi: 10.1016/B978-012170960-0/50056-6.

J. D. Glover, T. J. Overbye, and M. S. Sarma. Power system analysis & design. Cengage Learning, 2017.

P. Kundu, J. Ganeswara Rao, P. K. Nayak, and A. K. Pradhan, "Wide area measurement based out-of-step detection technique," 2010 Joint International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems & 2010 Power India, pp. 1-5, 2010, doi: 10.1109/PEDES.2010.5712569.

A. Y. Abdelaziz, A. M. Ibrahim, and Z. G. Hasan, “Phasor Measurement Units for Out-of-Step Detection of a Multi-Machine System Using System Reduction,” J. Sci. Eng., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 121–132, 2013.

A. H. Berkestedt. Phasor Measurement based Out-Of-Step Detection. Master of Science Thesis in the Master Degree Program, Chalmers University of Technology, pp. 1–74, 2007.

A. N. B. Alsammak and H. N. A. Al-Kaoaz, “Design of a Fuzzy Distance Relay Taking Into Consideration the Impact of Using a Unified Power Flow Controller,” Eastern-European J. Enterp. Technol., vol. 2, no. 5–122, pp. 6–19, 2023.

M. Hoseynpoor, M. Najafi, R. Ebrahimi, and M. Davoodi, “Power system stability improvement using comprehensive FACTS devices,” Int. Rev. Model. Simulations, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1660–1665, 2011.

S. A. Jumaat, I. Musirin, and M. M. Baharun, “A voltage improvement of transmission system using static var compensator via matlab/simulink,” Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 330–337, 2017, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v6.i2.pp330-337.

U. Gudaru and D. R. Patil, “An innovative transient free adaptive SVC in stepless mode of control,” World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 77, no. 5, pp. 200–207, 2011.

D. Ilisiu and E. D. Dinu, “Modern reactive power compensation for smart electrical grids,” Proc. - 2019 22nd Int. Conf. Control Syst. Comput. Sci. CSCS 2019, pp. 353–357, 2019, doi: 10.1109/CSCS.2019.00063.

A. Alhattab, A. N. Alsammak, and H. Mohammed, “A Review on D-STATCOM for Power Quality Enhancement,” Al-Rafidain Eng. J., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 207–218, 2023, doi: 10.33899/rengj.2022.136635.1210.

J. Zhu, K. Cheung, D. Hwang, and A. Sadjadpour, “Operation strategy for improving voltage profile and reducing system loss,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 390–397, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2009.2033968.

P. Chopade, M. Bikdash, I. Kateeb, and A. D. Kelkar, “Reactive power management and voltage control of large transmission system using SVC (static VAR compensator),” Conf. Proc. - IEEE SOUTHEASTCON, pp. 85–90, 2011, doi: 10.1109/SECON.2011.5752911.

S. Keskes, W. Bahloul, and M. B. A. Kammoun, “Improvement of Power System Stability by Static Var Compensator and Tuning Employing Genetic Algorithm,” Int. J. Mod. Nonlinear Theory Appl., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 113–123, 2014, doi: 10.4236/ijmnta.2014.33013.

A. Kumar and S. B. Dubey, “Enhancement of Transient Stability in Transmission Line Using SVC Facts Controller,” Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng., no. 2, p. 51, 2013.

C. Udhayashankar, R. Thottungal, and M. Yuvaraj, “Transient stability improvement in transmission system using SVC with Fuzzy Logic Control,” 2014 Int. Conf. Adv. Electr. Eng. ICAEE 2014, pp. 1-4, 2014, doi: 10.1109/ICAEE.2014.6838505.

F. Selwa, L. Djamel, and L. Imen, “The transient stability study of a synchronous generator based on the rotor angle stability,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1319–1327, 2015, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1319-1327.

A. Tukur, “Simulation and Analysis of Static Var Compensator with Matlab,” Int. J. Eng. Sci., vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 7–11, 2015.

C. U. Shankar, R. Thottungal, N. Nithyadevi, E. Engineering, and T. Nadu, “A Comparative Study of Performances of PSS and SVC for Rotor Angle Stability Enhancement in 3 Bus 2 Generator System,” Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 434–447, 2015.

T. Rahman, S. Sankaran, N. Seeley, and K. Garg, “Capturing generator rotor angle and field quantities - SDG&E experience and approach to using nontraditional generator measurements,” 69th Annu. Conf. Prot. Relay Eng. CPRE 2016, pp. 1-9, 2016, doi: 10.1109/CPRE.2016.7914880.

A. Nasser and B. Alsammak, “Transient Stability Improvement of Multi-machine Power Systems Using Modern Energy Storage Systems,” Certif. Int. J. Eng. Innov. Technol., vol. 9001, no. 1, p. 18, 2008, doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/AV89N.

M. M. A. Hassan, X. Sun, and A. Ate, “FLC based on static var compensator for power system transient stability enhancement,” Telkomnika (Telecommunication Comput. Electron. Control., vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 2665–2673, 2020, doi: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i5.15605.

S. Chirantan, R. Jena, S. C. Swain, and P. C. Panda, “Transient Stability Analysis of a Two Machine Long Transmission System with Power System Stabilizer Static Var Compensator,” 2018 Int. Conf. Recent Innov. Electr. Electron. Commun. Eng. ICRIEECE 2018, pp. 3255–3260, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ICRIEECE44171.2018.9009234.

M. Singh, D. K. Verma, S. Ralhan, and M. Patil, “Performance Analysis of SVC Supplementary Controller in Multi-machine Power System Network,” Proc. - 2019 Int. Conf. Electr. Electron. Comput. Eng. UPCON 2019, pp. 1–6, 2019, doi: 10.1109/UPCON47278.2019.8980089.

M. A. H. Sadi, A. Abuhussein, and M. A. Shoeb, “Transient Performance Improvement of Power Systems Using Fuzzy Logic Controlled Capacitive-Bridge Type Fault Current Limiter,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 323–335, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3003294.

R. Jegedeesh Kumar and T. Rammohan, “Enhancement of transient stability in power system with multi-machine using facts device,” Proc. 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Adv. Dev. Electr. Electron. Eng. ICADEE 2020, pp. 1-7, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ICADEE51157.2020.9368921.

A. Z. Abass, D. A. Pavlyuchenko, and Z. S. Hussain, “Survey about impact voltage instability and transient stability for a power system with an integrated solar combined cycle plant in Iraq by using ETAP,” J. Robot. Control, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 134–139, 2021, doi: 10.18196/jrc.2366.

A. N. Alsammak and H. A. Mohammed, “Power quality improvement using fuzzy logic controller based unified power flow controller (UPFC),” Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i1.pp1-9.

V. Yarlagadda, A. K. Garikapati, L. Gadupudi, R. Kapoor, and K. Veeresham, “Comparative Analysis of STATCOM and SVC on Power System Dynamic Response and Stability Margins with time and frequency responses using Modelling,” 1st IEEE Int. Conf. Smart Technol. Syst. Next Gener. Comput. ICSTSN 2022, pp. 1-8, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ICSTSN53084.2022.9761306.

S. A. Dahat and A. Dhabale, “Rotor angle stability improvement by coordinated control of SVC and SSSC controllers,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, pp. 13–22, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.05.050.

S. D. Patil, R. A. Kachare, A. M. Mulla, and D. R. Patil, “Performance enhancement of modified SVC as a thyristor binary switched capacitor and reactor banks by using different adaptive controllers,” J. King Saud Univ. - Eng. Sci., vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 342–357, 2023.

N. M. A. Ibrahim, E. A. El-said, H. E. M. Attia, and B. A. Hemade, "Enhancing power system stability: an innovative approach using coordination of FOPID controller for PSS and SVC FACTS device with MFO algorithm," Electr. Eng., vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 2265–2283, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s00202-023-02051-7.

I. Y. Fawzy, M. A. Mossa, A. M. Elsawy, I. Suwarno, and A. A. Zaki Diab, “Deployment of STATCOM with Fuzzy Logic Control for Improving the Performance of Power System under Different Faults Conditions,” J. Robot. Control, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 636–646, 2024, doi: 10.18196/jrc.v5i3.21558.

N. S. Ugwuanyi, O. A. Nwogu, I. O. Ozioko, and A. O. Ekwue, “An easy method for simultaneously enhancing power system voltage and angle stability using STATCOM,” Sci. African, vol. 25, p. e02248, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02248.

M. Srikanth and Y. V. Pavan Kumar, “State machine and internal model control-based hybrid controller for improved transient performance of microgrids,” Energy Reports, vol. 12, pp. 5300–5319, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2024.10.058.

Z. M. T. Salleh, A. N. B. Alsammak, and H. A. Mohammed, “Enhancing Power System Transient Stability Using Static VAR Compensator Based on a Fuzzy Logic Controller,” Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1565–1572, 2024.

C. A. Caiiizares, “Power Flow and Transient Stability Models of FACTS,” Power Eng. Soc. Winter Meet. 2000, vol. 2, pp. 1447–1454, 2000.

K. Hongesombut, Y. Mitani, and K. Tsuji, “An adaptive static var compensator using genetic algorithm and radial basis function network for enhancing power system stability,” 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Proc., vol. 2, pp. 182–187, 2001, doi: 10.1109/PTC.2001.964739.

A. C. M. Valle, A. O. Borges, G. C. Guimarães, and H. R. Azevedo, “Fuzzy logic controller simulating an SVC device in power system transient stability analysis,” 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Proc., vol. 4, pp. 147–150, 2001, doi: 10.1109/PTC.2001.964824.

J. J. Cathey and W. E. Moore, “Improvement of generator output and stability margin by use of a dedicated static VAR compensator,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 119–125, 2002.

Q. Gu, A. Pandey, and S. K. Starrett, “Fuzzy logic control schemes for static VAR compensator to control system damping using global signal,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 115–122, 2003.

S. A. Al-Baiyat, “Power system transient stability enhancement by STATCOM with nonlinear H∞ stabilizer,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2004.04.015.

M. H. Haque, “Improvement of first swing stability limit by utilizing full benefit of shunt FACTS devices,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1894–1902, 2004, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.836243.

E. Gholipour and S. Saadate, “Improving of transient stability of power systems using UPFC,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1677–1682, 2005, doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2005.846354.

T. Abdelazim and O. P. Malik, “Intelligent SVC control for transient stability enhancement,” 2005 IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Gen. Meet., vol. 2, pp. 1701–1707, 2005, doi: 10.1109/pes.2005.1489352.

L. Cong, Y. Wang, and D. J. Hill, “Transient stability and voltage regulation enhancement via coordinated control of generator excitation and SVC,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 121–130, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2004.09.001.

Y. Chang, Z. Xu, G. Cheng, and J. Xie, “A novel SVC supplementary controller based on wide area signals,” 2006 IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Gen. Meet. PES, pp. 1–7, 2006, doi: 10.1109/pes.2006.1709153.

S. M. Sadeghzadeh and M. Ansarian, “Transient stability improvement with neuro-fuzzy control of FACTS devices,” First Int. Power Energy Conf. (PECon 2006) Proc., pp. 297–302, 2006, doi: 10.1109/PECON.2006.346666.

M. H. Haque, “Best location of SVC to improve first swing stability limit of a power system,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 77, no. 10, pp. 1402–1409, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2006.10.010.

J. Zhang, J. Y. Wen, S. J. Cheng, and J. Ma, “A novel SVC allocation method for power system voltage stability enhancement by normal forms of diffeomorphism,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1819–1825, 2007, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.907538.

B. Oum, E. Fadhel, and M. Fellah, “The Static Var Compensator ( SVC ) Device in the power systems Using Matlab / SimPowerSystems ICEPS laboratory ( Intelligent Control & Electrical Power Systems ),” International Conference on Electrical Engineering and its Applications, pp. 54–59, 2008.

I. Mansour, D. O. Abdeslam, P. Wira, and J. Mercklé, “Fuzzy logic control of a SVC to improve the transient stability of ac power systems,” IECON Proc. (Industrial Electron. Conf., pp. 3240–3245, 2009, doi: 10.1109/IECON.2009.5415212.

V. K. Chandrakar, S. N. Dhurvey, and S. C. Suke, “Performance comparison of SVC with POD and PSS for damping of power system oscillations,” Proc. - 3rd Int. Conf. Emerg. Trends Eng. Technol. ICETET 2010, no. 1, pp. 247–252, 2010, doi: 10.1109/ICETET.2010.136.

A. Rajabi-Ghahnavieh, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, M. Shahidehpour, and R. Feuillet, “UPFC for enhancing power system reliability,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 2881–2890, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2051822.

G. Shahgholian, S. M. Mirbagheri, H. Safaeipoor, and M. Mahdavian, “The effect of SVC-FACTS controller on power system oscillation damping control,” 2011 Int. Conf. Electr. Mach. Syst. ICEMS 2011, vol. 2, no. 1, 2011, doi: 10.1109/ICEMS.2011.6073369.

N. A. Arzeha, M. W. Mustafa, and R. Mohamad Idris, “Fuzzy-based Static VAR compensator controller for damping power system disturbances,” 2012 IEEE Int. Power Eng. Optim. Conf. PEOCO 2012 - Conf. Proc., pp. 538–542, 2012, doi: 10.1109/PEOCO.2012.6230924.

M. Darabian, B. Khorram, and M. Azari, “Improvement of Power System Transient Stability Using an Intelligent Control Method,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 8958, no. 4, pp. 192–200, 2013.

T. Sharma and A. Dahiya, “Transient stability improvement in transmission line using SVC with Fuzzy Logic based TID controller,” India Int. Conf. Power Electron. IICPE, vol. 2015-May, 2015, doi: 10.1109/IICPE.2014.7115749.

M. Shafiullah, M. S. Alam, M. I. Hossain, and M. N. Hasan, “Transient performance improvement of power system by optimal design of SVC controller employing genetic algorithm,” 8th Int. Conf. Electr. Comput. Eng. Adv. Technol. a Better Tomorrow, ICECE 2014, pp. 540–543, 2015, doi: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026947.

P. Rani and A. Ram, “Enhancement of Power System Stability Using Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator ( TCSC ),” International Journal of Innovation in Engineering and Technology, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 38–42, 2015.

K. K. H. Saleh and E. Ercelebi, "Transient Stability Improvement in Multi-Machine System Using Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Static Var Compensator (SVC)," International Journal of Computer and Systems Engineering, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1362-1375, 2015.

Y. Manganuri, P. Choudekar, Abhishek, D. Asija, and Ruchira, “Optimal location of TCSC using sensitivity and stability indices for reduction in losses and improving the voltage profile,” 1st IEEE Int. Conf. Power Electron. Intell. Control Energy Syst. ICPEICES 2016, pp. 1–4, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ICPEICES.2016.7853573.

M. M. Eladany, A. A. Eldesouky, and A. A. Sallam, “Power System Transient Stability: An Algorithm for Assessment and Enhancement Based on Catastrophe Theory and FACTS Devices,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 26424–26437, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2834906.

A. K. Mohanty and A. K. Barik, “Power System Stability Improvement Using FACTS Devices,” International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 666-672, 2019.

S. R. Paital, P. K. Ray, and A. Mohanty, “An optimized Robust FOFPID-SVC Controller for Transient Stability Enhancement of Power System,” 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Power Electron. Smart Grid Renew. Energy, PESGRE 2020, no. 2, pp. 1–6, 2020, doi: 10.1109/PESGRE45664.2020.9070535.

W. A. Oktaviani, T. Barlian, Y. Apriani, and N. Syarif, “Continuous power flow and time domain analysis for assessing voltage stability,” J. Robot. Control, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 191–198, 2020, doi: 10.18196/jrc.1637.

Y. Al Mashhadany, A. K. Abbas, and S. Algburi, “Study and Analysis of Power System Stability Based on FACT Controller System,” Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 317–332, 2022.

M. R. Djalal, I. Robandi, and M. A. Prakasa, “Stability Enhancement of Sulselrabar Electricity System Using Mayfly Algorithm Based on Static Var Compensator and Multi-Band Power System Stabilizer PSS2B,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 57319–57340, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3283598.

S. A. Dahat and A. Dhabale, “Analysis of the combined effects of SVC and SSSC controllers to improve power system stability,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, no. S11, pp. 445–454, 2023.

F. M. Khater, Z. Elkady, A. M. Amr, D. E. A. Mansour, and A. E. El Gebaly, “Voltage Control of a Three-Phase Distribution Grid using a DC Microgrid-Fed STATCOM,” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 12966–12974, 2024, doi: 10.48084/etasr.6590.

M. Shafiee, M. Sajadinia, A. A. Zamani, and M. Jafari, “Enhancing the transient stability of interconnected power systems by designing an adaptive fuzzy-based fractional order PID controller,” Energy Reports, vol. 11, pp. 394–411, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.11.058.

B. H. Alajrash, M. Salem, M. Swadi, T. Senjyu, M. Kamarol, and S. Motahhir, “A comprehensive review of FACTS devices in modern power systems: Addressing power quality, optimal placement, and stability with renewable energy penetration,” Energy Reports, vol. 11, pp. 5350–5371, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2024.05.011.

Downloads

Published

2025-02-18

Issue

Section

Articles