Perkembangan Plasenta dan Pertumbuhan Janin pada Tikus Hamil yang Diinfeksi Porphyromonas Gingivalis Placental Development and Fetal Growth in Porphyromonas Gingivalis-Infected Pregnant Rats

Abstract

Maternal Porphyromonasgingivalis infection on periodontal tissue can result in Porphyromonasgingivalis
dissemination to umbillical cord. Porphyromonas gingivalis presumably gain access to the systemic circulation
via local tissue inflammation, and may affect the placental development and the fetus itself. This study aimed to
analize the effect of periodontal infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis on placental development, and to
determine its effect on fetal growth in a pregnant rat model. Female rats were infected with live-Porphyromonas
gingivalis at concentration of 2x109 cells/ml into subgingival sulcus of the maxillary first molar before and/or
during pregnancy. They were sacrified on gestational day (GD) 20. Fetuses were evaluated for weight and
length. All placentas were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed for paraffin embedding, and stained with
hematoxylin and eosin.The histopathological analysis of placentas on GD 20 showed that trophoblast cells in
labyrinth and junctional zone had a greater density in control group than Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected
periodontal maternal group. The nucleated-erythrocytes were found more abundant in the fetal blood vessels of
Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected periodontal maternal group than in the fetal blood vessels of control group.
In conclusion, the impaired placental morphology influenced the normal function of placenta to maintain the
growth and development of fetus. The decreased placental weightresulted in the decreased of fetal weight
andlength.