Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Combined with Battery and Flywheel Energy Storage for Sustainable Power and Clean Electric Trike Vehicle

Ganesha Tri Chandrasa; Heri Suryoatmojo; Barman Tambunan; Tata Sutardi; Taurista Perdana Syawitri

doi:10.18196/jrc.v6i2.24682

Authors

Ganesha Tri Chandrasa Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-190X
Heri Suryoatmojo Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Barman Tambunan National Research and Innovation Agency
Tata Sutardi National Research and Innovation Agency
Taurista Perdana Syawitri National Research and Innovation Agency

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v6i2.24682

Keywords:

Electric Vehicle, Hybrids Energy Storage, Fuel Cell, PEMFC, Lithium Battery, Flywheel Storage

Abstract

An electric personal three-wheeler, referred to as the Reverse Trike Electric Vehicle (RTEV), has been developed as a forward-looking solution for clean transportation within communities. This innovative vehicle integrates multiple energy storage systems, including the mechanical energy of a flywheel, the chemical energy of a hydrogen (H2) fuel cell system, and the chemical energy stored in a lithium-ion battery. The vehicle is powered by a 500-watt, 48-volt platform that incorporates a DC brushless electric motor, a battery, and a fuel-cell. Hydrogen is stored in two steel tube containers filled with ultra-high purity (UHP) hydrogen, with output pressure ranging from 10 to 35 psi. The lithium battery pack features a configuration of 13 series and 3 parallel (13S3P) cells, assembled using 18650-sized lithium-ion cells. Additionally, two flywheels of varying mass were utilized in the design. The prototype underwent testing both indoors on a dynamometer test bed and outdoors on community roads for analysis. The results from these tests clearly demonstrate the contributions of each energy storage system to the vehicle's power traction and distance performance, showcasing the effectiveness of this multi-faceted approach to clean transportation.

Author Biographies

Ganesha Tri Chandrasa, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

1. PhD Candidate at Insititut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember , Surabaya

2. Senior Researcher at National Research and Innovation Agency, Republik Indonesia

Heri Suryoatmojo, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Professor , at Department of Electrical Engineering

Barman Tambunan, National Research and Innovation Agency

Principal Engineer, Research Centre for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republik Indonesia

Tata Sutardi, National Research and Innovation Agency

Senior Engineer, Head Of Research Centre for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republik Indonesia

Taurista Perdana Syawitri, National Research and Innovation Agency

Junior Researcher, Centre for Energy Conversion and Conservation

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