Disturbance Handling and Efficiency Optimization for SPWM-Three Phase Inverter by Using PID Controller System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v6i2.26146Keywords:
Disturbance Handling, Efficiency Optimization, SPWM-Three Phase Inverter, PID Controller SystemAbstract
The importance of studying inverters in electrical systems is highlighted by their role as one of the most important electronic power devices used in numerous applications in industry, as well as in generation, transmission, and distribution, most notably in renewable energy generation systems. An inverter converts direct current power into alternating current power to power loads or connect solar energy sources to the grid. Inverters are built using electronic switches such as thyristors or transistors such as IGPTs and MOSFET transistors. A number of switches are used to build the inverter, depending on the type of inverter, whether single-phase or three-phase. It can also be half-wave or full-wave. The current study proposed a bridge inverter consisting of six electronic switches of the IGBT transistor type arranged in two rows and three columns. To operate the inverter, pulse width modulation (PWM) technology was used to regulate the inverter operation and obtain the required output to supply a three-phase resistive load. In addition, an LC filter was connected to obtain a pure sine wave. Due to the different and variable operating conditions and to overcome disturbances, a conventional control unit was added to improve performance and raise the efficiency of the system. After conducting the proposed tests, the possibility of obtaining an inverter that operates with an efficient system to cover the load requirements under variable operating conditions was verified.
References
L. Meegahapola, A. Sguarezi, J. S. Bryant, M. Gu, E. R. Conde D, and R. B. A. Cunha, “Power System Stability with Power-Electronic Converter Interfaced Renewable Power Generation: Present Issues and Future Trends,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 13, p. 3441, 2020.
B. K. Bose and F. Wang, "Energy, environment, power electronics, renewable energy systems, and smart grid,” Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems and Smart Grid: Technology and Applications, pp. 1-83, 2019.
P. Megantoro et al., "Modeling The Uncertainties and Active Power Generation of Wind-Solar Energy with Data Acquisition from Telemetry Weather Measurement," Results in Engineering, vol. 25, p. 104392, 2025.
S. W. Shneen, “Advanced optimal for power-electronic systems for the grid integration of energy sources,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 543-555, 2016.
M. H. Setiawan, A. Ma’arif, M. S. Saifuddin, and W. A. Salah, "A Comparative Study of PID, FOPID, ISF, SMC, and FLC Controllers for DC Motor Speed Control with Particle Swarm Optimization," International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 640-660, 2025.
J. Shair, H. Li, J. Hu, and X. Xie, “Power system stability issues, classifications and research prospects in the context of high-penetration of renewables and power electronics,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 145, p. 111111, 2021.
S. W. Shneen and G. A. Aziz, “Simulation model of 3-phase PWM rectifier by using MATLAB/Simulink,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 3736-3746, 2021.
A. Chakraborty, “Advancements in power electronics and drives in interface with growing renewable energy resources,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 1816-1827, 2011.
J. Maza-Ortega, E. Acha, S. Garcia, and A. Gómez-Expósito, “Overview of power electronics technology and applications in power generation transmission and distribution,” Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 499-514, 2017.
S. W. Shneen, Z. B. Abdullah, and H. S. Dakheel, “Design and Implementation of Voltage Source Inverter Using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation Technique to Drive A Single-Phase Induction Motor,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1527-1546, 2024.
A. Athwer and A. Darwish, “A review on modular converter topologies based on WBG semiconductor devices in wind energy conversion systems,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 14, p. 5324, 2023.
M. H. Nguyen and S. Kwak, “Enhance reliability of semiconductor devices in power converters,” Electronics, vol. 9, no. 12, p. 2068, 2020.
R. Firmansyah, M. A. M. Ramli, and Endryansyah, "Voltage Regulation of Buck Converter in DC microgrid using Energy Valley Optimizer," 2023 Sixth International Conference on Vocational Education and Electrical Engineering (ICVEE), pp. 139-143, 2023.
S. W. Shneen, D. H. Shaker, and F. N. Abdullah, “Simulation model of PID for DC-DC converter by using MATLAB,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 3791, 2021.
D. Santoso and L. H. Pratomo, “The Voltage Control in Single-Phase Five-Level Inverter for a Stand-Alone Power Supply Application Using Arduino Due,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 421-428, 2021.
Y. Zahraoui, M. Moutchou, S. Tayane, C. Fahassa, S. Elbadaoui, and A. Ma'arif, “Synchronous reluctance motor performance improvement using MTPA control strategy and five-level inverter topology,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 725-734, 2022.
S. W. Shneen, F. N. Abdullah, and D. H. Shaker, “Simulation model of single phase PWM inverter by using MATLAB/Simulink,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 212, 2021.
L. H. Pratomo, A. F. Wibisono, and S. Riyadi, “Design and Implementation of Double Loop Control Strategy in TPFW Voltage and Current Regulated Inverter for Photovoltaic Application,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 196-204, 2022.
T. A. Taha et al., “Enhancing Multilevel Inverter Performance: A Novel Dung Beetle Optimizer-based Selective Harmonic Elimination Approach,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 944-953, 2024.
A. L. Shuraiji and S. W. Shneen, “Fuzzy logic control and PID controller for brushless permanent magnetic direct current motor: a comparative study,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 762-768, 2022.
B. A. Avdeev et al., “Overvoltage and Oscillation Analysis for a Full-Bridge Isolated DC-DC Converter,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1764-1771, 2024.
E. S. Oluwasogo and H. Cha, "A Quadratic Quasi-Z-Source Full-Bridge Isolated DC–DC Converter With High Reliability for Wide Input Applications," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 69, no. 10, pp. 10090-10100, 2022.
Z. Bahij, “DC Microgrid Modeling and Control in Islanded Mode,” Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology, 2021.
Z. A. Al-Dabbagh and S. W. Shneen, “Neuro-Fuzzy Controller for a Non-Linear Power Electronic DC-DC Boost Converters,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1479-1491, 2024.
T. Thomas and M. K. Mishra, "Control Strategy for a PV-Wind based Standalone DC Microgrid with Hybrid Energy Storage System," 2019 IEEE 1st International Conference on Energy, Systems and Information Processing (ICESIP), pp. 1-6, 2019.
S. Rüstemli, F. Dincer, and M. Almalı, “’Research on Effects of Environmental Factors on Photovoltaic Panels and Modeling with Matlab/Simulink,” Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 63–66, 2012.
H. S. Dakheel, S. W. Shneen, Z. B. Abdullah, and A. L. Shuraiji, “Evaluation of Voltage/Frequency and Voltage Source Inverter Control Strategies for Single-Phase Induction Motors Using MATLAB Simulation,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1910-1923, 2024.
T. M. Babu, K. Chenchireddy, K. K. Kumar, V. Nehal, S. Srihitha, and M. R. Vikas, “Intelligent control strategies for grid-connected photovoltaic wind hybrid energy systems using ANFIS,” International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 497-506, 2024.
M. Juma, C. J. Msigwa, and B. M. M. Mwinyiwiwa, “Solar Pv Based Maximum Power Point Tracking Embedded Voltage Regulation for Micro-Grid Application,” London Journal of Engineering Research, vol. 6, no. 06, pp. 552–558, 2019.
S. W. Shneen, A. L. Shuraiji, and K. R. Hameed, “Simulation model of proportional integral controller-PWM DC-DC power converter for DC motor using matlab,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 725-734, 2023.
J. Taverne et al., “Design of solar powered charging backpack,” International journal of power electronics and drive systems, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 848-858, 2018.
S. A. Razzaq and V. Jayasankar, “Inter-connected AC/DC HMGS power management with 3-phase and 1-phase ILC,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS), vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 311-319, 2023.
M. H. Setiawan, A. Ma'arif, and I. Suwarno, "Optimal of PID Controller for Enhanced Performance in an AVR System," 2024 IEEE Third International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), pp. 304-311, 2024.
R. T. Ahmedhamdi and S. W. Shneen, “Using position control to improve the efficiency of wind turbine,” TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 3240-3246, 2020.
A. Zagranichny, A. Dukhno, and A. Tsybulia, "Stability of Resonant Inverter with Feedback," 2024 IEEE 7th International Conference on Smart Technologies in Power Engineering and Electronics (STEE), 2024.
T. Debela and A. Bhattacharya, "Design and analysis of a DC/AC microgrid with centralized battery energy storage system," IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 8779-8784, 2017.
D. H. Shaker, “Simulation Model of Single-Phase AC-AC Converter by Using MATLAB,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 656-665, 2022.
D. E. Olivares et al., "Trends in Microgrid Control," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1905-1919, 2014.
S. W. Shneen and A. L. Shuraiji, “Simulation model for pulse width modulation-voltage source inverter of three-phase induction motor,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 719-726, 2023.
M. Kumar, "Solar PV Based DC Microgrid under Partial Shading Condition with Battery-Part 2: Energy Management System," 2018 8th IEEE India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), pp. 1-6, 2018.
S. W. Shneen, M. A. A. Hussein, J. A. Kadhum, and S. M. Ali, “Application of LFAC {16 2/3Hz} for electrical power transmission system: a comparative simulation study,” TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1055-1064, 2019.
A. Bakundukize, M. Twizerimana, D. Bernadette, B. J. Pierre, and N. Theoneste, “Design and Modelling of PV Power Plant for Rural Electrification in Kayonza, Rwanda,” Journal of Energy Research and Reviews, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 31–55, 2021.
W. Bai, “DC Microgrid optimized energy management and real-time control of power systems for grid-connected and off-grid operating modes,” Electric power, 2021.
A. A. Mutlag, M. K. Abd, and S. W. Shneen, “Power Management and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrid with Solar Panels and Battery Storage System,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 397-407, 2024.
A. El-Shahat and S. Sumaiya, “DC-Microgrid system design, control, and analysis,” Electronics, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 124, 2019.
Z. B. Abdullah, S. W. Shneen, and H. S. Dakheel, “Simulation model of PID controller for DC servo motor at variable and constant speed by using MATLAB,” Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 54-59, 2023.
C. Li, Y. Chen, D. Zhou, J. Liu, and J. Zeng, “A high-performance adaptive incremental conductance MPPT algorithm for photovoltaic systems,” Energies, vol. 9, no. 4, p. 288, 2016.
Z. A. Al-Dabbagh, S. W. Shneen, and A. O. Hanfesh, “Fuzzy Logic-based PI Controller with PWM for Buck-Boost Converter,” Journal of Fuzzy Systems and Control, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 147-159, 2024.
K. Gowtham, C. V. Sivaramadurai, P. Hariprasath, and B. Indurani, "A Management of power flow for DC Microgrid with Solar and Wind Energy Sources," 2018 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), pp. 1-5, 2018.
Z. A. Al-Dabbagh and S. W. Shneen, “Design of a PID Speed Controller for BLDC Motor with Cascaded Boost Converter for High-Efficiency Industrial Applications,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 22-46, 2025.
M. I. Juma, B. M. M. Mwinyiwiwa, C. J. Msigwa, and A. T. Mushi, “Design of a hybrid energy system with energy storage for standalone DC Microgrid application,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 18, p. 5994, 2021.
A. N. H. Hamoodi and F. S. Abdulla, “Design and sizing of solar plant for Qayarah general Hospital and simulation with the PV-SOL program,” NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 67–71, 2021.
S. W. Shneen, R. K. Gaber, R. S. Salih, and S. M. Jiaad, “Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) For Arm Rehabilitation Device,” Kufa Journal of Engineering, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 80-103, 2025.
A. El-Shahat and S. Sumaiya, “DC-Microgrid system design, control, and analysis,” Electronics, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 124, 2019.
A. A. Mutlag and S. W. Shneen, “A Comparative Investigation of Hybrid MPPT Methods for Enhancing Solar Power Generation in Renewable Energy Systems,” International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 991-1000, 2024.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Suaad Makki Jiaad, Salam Waley Shneen, Rajaa Khalaf Gaber
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This journal is based on the work at https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/jrc under license from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. You are free to:
- Share – copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt – remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even comercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms, which include the following:
- Attribution. You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions. You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
• Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
JRC is licensed under an International License
